Applied Psychological Measurement

Guion, Robert M.

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100103pmid: N/A

The concept of content validity takes on special importance where invoked to justify use of a test. The term 1) refers to psychological measurement, 2) using samples of behavior, sampling both stimu lus and response components, and 3) implies repre sentativeness in sampling. Examples are given to show that content sampling may be considered a form of operationalism in defining constructs. Five conditions are proposed as necessary if one is to ac cept the use of a measuring instrument as a valid operational definition on the basis of content samp ling alone.

Hundal, P.S.; Horn, John L.

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100104pmid: N/A

Eleven indicants of intelligence and 10 measures of short-term learning were studied in a sample of 265 fourteen-year-olds using the inter-battery methods developed by Tucker. The results indicated two broad factors of intelligence, interpreted as fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystallized intelligence (Gc), coordinate with two broad factors of short- term learning, interpreted as indicating primary memory (PM) and secondary acquisition (SAC). To a considerable extent the learning variables were in dependent of the indicants of intelligence, thus sug gesting (in conformance with previous findings) that intelligence should not be equated with learning over short periods of time. The major variance in common between short-term learning and intelli gence variables is linked to meaningful associations and learning mediated by such associations, but to a lesser extent both Gf and Gc involve the span of apprehension of primary memory. The results suggest that acquisition mediated by meaningful as sociations is more nearly characteristic of Gc than of Gf, but this may mainly reflect the selection of variables used in this study.

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100105pmid: N/A

Ramanaiah, Nerella V.; Goldberg, Lewis R.

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100106pmid: N/A

In an effort to discover the generality of individual differences in judgmental processes, 12 potential styles were assessed from the predictions made by 86 judges across two or four replications of each of four judgmental tasks. The analyses focused on the internal consistency (across replica tions, within occasions), temporal stability (across occasions, within tasks), and intertask congruence of each of the judgmental variables. The findings suggested that five variables—linear predictability, judgmental consistency, subjective complexity, dif ferentiation, and confidence—have sufficiem generality to assume the provisional status of judg mental styles. Highly significant relationships were found, for male though not for female judges, be tween each of the provisional styles and a number of personological and demographic variables, in cluding scales from the MMPI, CPI, EPPS, and SVIB.

Schoenfeldt, Lyle F.

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100107pmid: N/A

Cliff, Norman

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100108pmid: N/A

An attempt was made to validate for sentence type items a mathematical model for inventory re sponse, which had previously been found to account quite well for adjective checklist responses. Data were gathered from subjects responding under can did and under faking sets. In the former case only limited support for the model was found, but in the latter it seemed highly relevant.

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100109pmid: N/A

doi: 10.1177/014662167700100110pmid: N/A