journal article
LitStream Collection
Home
doi: 10.1177/002029407100400302pmid: N/A
Early applications of hydraulic loading were confined to foil rolling mills but recent developments have been rapid. Prestressed mills were adopted to obtain high stiffness and stability. The addition of modern quickly-responding electro-hydraulic equipment and accurate transducers has given these mills even higher effective stiffness and resulted in very good gauge control. The proving of hydraulic load and position controls in service on these mills has enabled them to be applied with confidence to ‘pure’ (screwless) hydraulic mills which are less costly than conventional mills and give improved performance. They are being widely adopted.Control methods, the requirements for transducers, hydraulic systems, etc., and the essential functions of a hydraulic gauge control are described herein.
O'Callaghan, P. W.; Probert, S. D.
doi: 10.1177/002029407100400301pmid: N/A
Transverse heat leaks from specimens, through which longitudinal heat flows occur, are mainly by radiation and conduction through electrical leads when the systems are under high vacuum. Such losses reduce the temperatures at the probe sites. The difference between that indicated and the true temperature at a site in the absence of such losses, increases as the total thermal resistance between probe site and heat sink. This leads to spuriously high indications of thermal conductivity. In thermal contact systems this error can lead to heat flux anomalies and apparently negative temperature drops across the interface, and may also contribute to the so-called ‘directional effect’. Recommended procedures for the reduction of these experimental errors are discussed. Source-sink effectiveness parameters which specify the efficiency of any thermal resistance measuring system, are defined.
Showing 1 to 5 of 5 Articles