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Kinare, Arun S.; Ambardekar, Shrikant T.; Bhattacharya, Debasis; Pande, Satish A.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199609)24:7<333::AID-JCU1>3.0.CO;2-Cpmid: 8873854
Diagnosis of three types of anomalous course of the umbilical vein (UV) was made in 10 cases using antenatal ultrasound (US). Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate the UV in all cases. In one case, the UV was directly joining the superior vena cava (SVC) without forming subcutaneous collaterals, an abnormal course of UV not yet reported previously. Of these ten fetuses, six had various associated anomalies, including three fetuses with central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Robert, Yann; Hennequin‐Delerue, Carole; Chaillet, Didier; Dubrulle, Frédérique; Biserte, Jacques; Lemaitre, Laurent
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199609)24:7<339::AID-JCU2>3.0.CO;2-Cpmid: 8873855
Objective To evaluate the frequency of the visualization of urachal remnants (UR) with ultrasound and to determine their sonographic patterns. Subjects and methods: Two hundred and fifty consecutive patients were referred for abdominal and/or pelvic ultrasonography, 83 who had urinary tract symptoms. Patient age ranged from 1 month to 91 years (mean = 35 years). Patients were classified into four groups: (1) <16 years (n = 47) (2) 16–35 years (n = 100), (3) 36–55 years (n = 49), (4) ≥56 years (n = 54). Ultrasonography was performed using 3.75 MHz and 7.5 MHz transducers. Ultrasound criterion for diagnosis was a midline mass located between the rectus abdominus muscle and the upper part of the anterior bladder wall. Results UR were found in 90 cases (36%). UR demonstration was more frequent in groups 1 (61.7%) and 2 (49%) and 3 (20.4%) and 4 (3.7%). UR were nodular (87%) or tubular in structure (13%). Echogenicity was similar to or greater than adjacent muscle in 51% and less than in 49%. The length, width, and thickness mean and standard deviation values were 13.5 ± 4.7 mm, 12.6 ± 5 mm, and 5.2 ± 1.5 mm, respectively. UR were observed in 50% of the asymptomatic patients of groups 1 and 2. Conclusion Urachal remnants are commonly demonstrated with ultrasound, particularly in young patients. They should be considered to be a normal variant unless there is an increase in size or they are accompanied by clinical signs, without other possible causes for symptoms. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Di Stasi, Michele; Caturelli, Eugenio; De Sio, Ilario; Salmi, Andrea; Buscarini, Elisabetta; Buscarini, Luigi
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199609)24:7<345::AID-JCU3>3.0.CO;2-Bpmid: 8873856
Sixteen cases of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver were followed by ultrasound (US) for a mean of 33 months (range 6–81). In 69% of the cases, the diagnosis was incidental. On US the lesions were single in 75% of the cases, localized in the right lobe in 75%, and subcapsular in 50%. No specific US‐pattern could be identified. A central scar was found in 19% of the patients. At the end of the follow‐up, the size was reduced in 7/16 cases, and in 1/16 the lesion disappeared. The spontaneous reduction of nodules in FNH must be considered in the management of this pseudotumor. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wolman, Igal; Jaffa, Ariel J.; Sagl, Joseph; Hartoov, Joseph; Amster, Reuben; David, Menachem P.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199609)24:7<351::AID-JCU4>3.0.CO;2-Apmid: 8873857
Objective The study was undertaken to assess the reproducibility of endometrial thickness measurements by transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS). Methods In a prospective blind study, two examiners measured the endometrial thickness of 25 patients by TVS on two separate occasions 30 minutes apart. Results The reliability test performed for each examiner was statistically less significant for the intra‐observer variation of each observer (r = 0.95 and r = 0.93), than between both examiners (r = 0.85). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the observations, the mean range of observations was 2.12 + 1.27 mm. Conclusions A safety margin of error should be taken into consideration while recommending a cutoff under which no curettage is needed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Tanik, Aysin; Ustun, Cazip; Cil, Erdal; Arslan, Arzu
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199609)24:7<355::AID-JCU5>3.0.CO;2-Apmid: 8873858
In pregnant women with a history of cesarean section, wall thickness of the lower uterine segment may help determine the risk and safety of vaginal delivery. Determination of wall thickness may help identify the potential risk of uterine rupture in pregnant women who do not wish to have another cesarean section or who are not eligible for surgery due to other systemic disorders. In this study, 50 pregnant women with previous cesarean sections were evaluated with ultrasound preoperatively, and measurements of the lower uterine segment wall thickness were compared with intraoperative assessment of uterine thinning. These findings correlated highly with each other (sensitivity: 100%; specificity: 82% positive predictive value: 87%; negative predictive value: 100%), suggesting the reliability and safety of ultrasound in evaluating uterine wall thickness. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Yeh, Hsu‐Chong; Stancato‐Pasik, Agata; Ramos, Roger; Rabinowitz, Jack G.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199609)24:7<359::AID-JCU6>3.0.CO;2-Apmid: 8873859
Using Color Doppler ultrasonography to trace the dilated paraumbilical vein to its connection with systemic veins in 27 patients, we have found four major pathways: In type 1 (63%), the vein connected with the external iliac vein via the inferior epigastric vein. In type 2 (3.7%), the vein connected with the saphenous vein via the superficial epigastric vein. In type 3 (22.2%), the vein connected with the internal thoracic vein via the superior epigastric vein. Type 4 (11.1%) is a combination of types 1 and 2. A frank caput medusa was not seen, but occult caput medusae were seen in two patients. Turbulent flow was seen at the junction between inferior epigastric and external iliac veins, paraumbilical and superficial epigastric veins, and superficial epigastric and saphenous veins in some patients. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a convenient, noninvasive method for determining the course and associated hemodynamic changes in the paraumbilical collateral circulation. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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