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Crawford, Angela B.; Bauer, Kenneth W.
doi: 10.1177/003754979406300503pmid: N/A
In cooperation with the Montreal Protocol to eliminate ozone depleting compounds, the Air Force is searching for feasible alternatives to halon fire suppressants. The effort reported here was the first step in developing an overall simulation model to help screen fire suppressant alternatives. A continuous simulation model was developed to predict fuel fire ignition in an aircraft dry bay and fuel tank caused by the detonation of a high explosive incendiary (HEI) projectile. The model, written in the SLAM II simulation language, predicts temperature and pressure conditions in the dry bay and fuel tank continuously by integrating a set of four simultaneous equations. The matrix of equations is based on the ideal gas law and conservation of inass, energy, and species equations. The simulation is unique in that it combines an HEI threat with continuously modeled dry bay and fuel tank environments. This simulation has been validated against available empirical data. Future enhancements are underway to better characterize the HEI fragmentation and blast wave pressures and also to add the fire suppression subroutines needed to evaluate the halon alternatives.
Borden, Andrew; Van Den Hooff, Johan
doi: 10.1177/003754979406300504pmid: N/A
This paper describes a method for evaluating the efficiency of an on-time classification algorithm used by a Radar Warning Receiver in a combat aircraft. The evaluation is done in a hybrid simulator which was designed for total systems test. The embedded algorithm is compared with one which has been generated automatically and is known to be nearly optimal.
Jin Joo Lee, ; Fishwick, Paul A.
doi: 10.1177/003754979406300505pmid: N/A
Automated Planning has been an active research topic for more than thirty years, but only recently has it started to move in the direction of combining planning and execution to achieve what is sometimes called Intelligent Reactive Planning. We propose Simutation-Based planning as a new way to perform intelligent reactive planning. Simulation-Based planning—unlike most other planning systems—integrates simulation into the planning process. Once a set of plans is generated, simulations are used to test and evaluate the plans to choose the most applicable plan for that current situation. In most planning systems, plan evaluation depends on rules alone, and because rules must be designed general enough to cover all possible cases, the evaluation is not specific enough for some individual cases. However, when the plan evaluation is done through simulations, the evaluation can be more fine-tuned to individual cases and can allow better plans to be chosen for that individual case. From the military planning perspective, the simulation-based planner is also quite useful due to its ability to perform adversarial and multi-agent planning. This is a natural consequence of using simulation in the planning process. By allowing other entities such as the enemy to simulate in parallel with the planner's forces, the planner is able to observe, prior to the actual execution, the effects of adversarial and multi-agent actions against its own plans.
Lin, Kuo-Chi; Schab, Daniel E.
doi: 10.1177/003754979406300507pmid: N/A
Dead reckoning plays a vital role in the continaing development of Distributed Interactive Simulation. Dead reckoning algorithms, when formulated to suit the particular needs of a given simtciation network, offer optimal realism and speed through a reduction in update traffic within a network. The Dead Reckoning Assessment Tool, an innovative software program, accepts input from users concerning specifications unique to their exercise environments and allows them to quickly and easily evaluate promising dead reckoning algorithms.
doi: 10.1177/003754979406300508pmid: N/A
The past several years have seen many technological advances in both computer hardware and software. Computer software is becoming very complex. Computer hardware and software have virtually taken over every aspect of our lives, both in the home and in the workplace. The Government is looking at computer modeling and simulation (M/S) as a way of predicting complex system behavior without having to construct expensive prototypes or conduct extensive field tests. Decision makers are demanding that the use of M/S be made an integral part of any major system acquisition.
Gross, David C.; Stuckey, Lynn D.
doi: 10.1177/003754979406300509pmid: N/A
STARS is an ARPA project aimed at advancing the management, quality, adaptability, and reliability of DoD software intensive systems. Over the years, the STARS project has gradually focused on enabling a paradigm shift of DoD software practices to megaprogramming. The central concept is a process-driven, two-life- cycle approach to software development. One life-cycle spans the creation and enrichment of an organization's capabilities for a family of related products, or domain engineering. The other life-cycle spans the construction and delivery of individual products from the domain, or application engineering. This approach may provide substantial opportunities for leveraged reuse, that is, planned use of adapted software components in multiple products. Much of the effort to date has been for developing tools and processes that support megaprogramming. The STARS project is now in a transition and demonstration phase. One of the demonstration projects is in the domain of simulator-based training, specifically the U.S. Navy's domain of Air Vehicle Training Systems. If mega programming proves useful in this domain, it promises dramatic increases in productivity along with corresponding reductions in the cost of building simulations .
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