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doi: 10.1002/qj.49705824304pmid: N/A
The main part of the paper consists of a discussion of the daily and annual variations of the ozone content of the atmosphere in any latitude up to about 50°. The ozone is treated as if it were uniformly spread through a layer of air 10 km. thick, having the same density as the air at the level of maximum ozone density. Convection and diffusion of ozone are neglected. The thermal decomposition of ozone (2O5 = 3O2) is discussed, and estimated to be negligible, except possibly in connection with an eleven‐year (sunspot) variation of ozone. The ozone is supposed formed and decomposed in the 10 km. layer; formation is attributed ultimately to dissociation of O2 by ultra‐violet radiation (1300‐1800Å); the ozone is supposed decomposed by longer‐wave radiation (2300‐2900Å); the intensities of radiation in these bands are supposed to be not greatly different from those that would occur in the spectrum of a black body at 6000°; the photo‐electric efficiency of the radiations is supposed not to be very low. Then, day by day, the dissociation of ozone would seriously reduce its amount, were it not compensated by rapid reformation (O + O2 = O3). The fact that the daily variation of ozone is inconspicuous is used to estimate a lower limit for the rate of this recombination.
doi: 10.1002/qj.49705824305pmid: N/A
It is shown that the high correlation coefficients between pressure‐and temperature high up in the troposphere are closely related to the constancy of the lapse‐rate of temperature. The correlations between the mean temperature of the column up to 9 km. and the temperatures at 3 and 6 km. are very high. Some factors tending to produce a constant lapse‐rate are discussed. It is previously shown that the observed pressure‐temperature correlations do not necessarily imply a “solid current” or “barotropic” motion, but are consistent with very large changes of wind with height, both in direction and velocity, provided that these are spread through most of the troposphere and are not concentrated at a surface of discontinuity.
Clark, J. Edmund; Margary, Ivan D.; Marshall, Richard; Cave, C. J. P.; Bonacina, L. C. W.
doi: 10.1002/qj.49705824306pmid: N/A
A survey of the 40 years since the late Edward Mawley reorganized the Society's phenological records shows that so satisfactory were his method and selection of events for observation that later developments have followed the lines he laid down. The chief increase has been in stations, which now total to thrice the average number previous to 1920.
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