Radiology

del Regato, Juan A.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.291pmid: 108762

A series of 59 consecutive patients with inoperable carcinoma of the prostate were entered into a national cooperative study and treated under the tenets of a strict protocol with competent dosimetric control. Twenty-one of these men are living and well 5–10 years after treatment; nine others who lived without cancer from 5 to 10 years died of other diseases. Local recurrences were not demonstrated in several cases which came to autopsy. Failures are often due to the development of osseous metastases outside of the effective area of radiotherapy. Untoward effects are the exception and may be minimized by fractionation. Index terms Prostate, neoplasms Prostate, therapeutic radiology Radiological Society of North America, 64th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting (Prostate, adenocarcinoma, 844.324)

Morrison, Douglass A.; Goldman, Allan L.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.299pmid: 441307

Drugs which induce lung disease are categorized according to the radiographic pattern of the disease. The five categories are: ( a ) diffuse interstitial (reticulo-nodular) findings, ( b ) diffuse air-space consolidation, ( c ) pleural effusion or fibrosis, ( d ) hilar or mediastinal widening, and ( e ) localized areas of consolidation. Information regarding onset, reversibility, fever, eosinophilia, and findings associated with each drug is presented. An extensive list of references is included. Index terms Drugs, toxicity Lungs, drug effects (Chest, contents, complication of drug use, therapy, 60.640)

Levinson, Elcon D.; Ziter, Fred M. H.; Westcott, Jack L.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.305pmid: 441308

Chest radiographs of 4 patients with Dirofilaria immitis (dog heartworm) revealed solitary, small, peripheral, noncalcified nodular lesions. The pulmonary lesions were apparently produced secondary to lodging of the parasite in peripheral pulmonary vessels. None of the patients had symptoms referable to the heartworm lesions. Needle aspiration in 2 patients revealed a nonspecific inflammatory lesion. Index terms Dirofilariasis Lungs, diseases Parasites (Lung, worm infestation, 60.208) (Lung, tissue roundworm, 60.2082) (Pulmonary nodule, 60.281)

Forrest, John V.; Sagel, Stuart S.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.309pmid: 441309

The authors reviewed lateral radiographs to analyze the first findings in lung cancer in three groups of patients: those with proved lung cancer (78 patients); those with lung cancer initially undetected (27 patients); and those who had chest radiographs for any reason (10,597 patients). In no instance was a lesion detected on the lateral view only. Index terms Lung neoplasms, diagnosis Lungs, radiography (Lung, carcinoma, appearance, 60.322) (Lung, normal routine plain film, 60.110)

Shortsleeve, Michael J.; Foster, Stanley C.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.311pmid: 441310

A nodular density seen at the posterior lung base on lateral chest radiographs proved to be normal bone in the spine. This nodule results from slight thickening of the bone at the superior aspect of the area where the two laminae join to form the spinous process. Index terms Lungs Spine (Chest, normal variant, 60.130) (Chest, anatomical detail, 60.920) (Chest, pulmonary nodule, 60.281)

Cockshott, W. Peter

doi: 10.1148/131.2.313pmid: 441311

The coracoclavicular joints are genetically determined anatomic variants. There are problems in determining their presence by dissection examination of osteologic material as well as by radiography. Based on a survey of published material and a prospective radiological survey carried out in Malaysia, it is clear that the anomaly is more frequent in Asia than in Europe and Africa. There is a high incidence in people from Southern China. The joints are subject to osteophytic marginal lipping without development of symptoms or disability. Index terms Clavicle Familial conditions Joints, coracoclavicular Scapula (Shoulder, normal variant, 41.130)

Mills, Steven R.; Doppman, John L.; Dunnick, N. Reed; McCarthy, Denis M.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.317pmid: 220668

Of 20 patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome who underwent visceral angiography, only 3 had unequivocally positive studies for primary pancreatic tumors; another 5 patients had equivocal diagnoses based on adequate studies. Eight patients had no abnormalities of any kind detected by angiography (except for an obstructed splenic vein in one patient). Five patients were shown to have hypervascular liver metastases. These results contrast with most reports of findings in islet cell tumors in general and specifically with the findings in several small series of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Index terms Pancreas, angiography Pancreas, neoplasms Liver neoplasms, metastases (Gastrointestinal system, angiography, 70.124 (Gastrointestinal system, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 70.7621) (Pancreas, islet cell tumor, 771–3.3191)

Pagani, John J.; Barbaric, Zoran L.; Cochran, Sachiko T.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.321pmid: 441312

The anatomy and radiographic appearance of five types of augmentation enterocystoplasty (ileocystoplasty, cecocystoplasty, ileocecocystoplasty, sigmoidocystoplasty, and enterourethroplasty) are described. Retrograde cystography is the procedure of choice for optimal visualization of an augmented bladder and most complications. Excretory urography is useful for following concurrent upper tract disease and ureteral stenosis. Critical factors in an optimal examination are maximal filling of the bladder and radiographs in multiple projections. Index terms Bladder, surgery Bladder, radiography (Bladder, anastomosis, i.e., ileal bladder, 83.453)

Curtis, John A.; Pollack, Howard M.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.327pmid: 441313

Eight patients with a duplex kidney demonstrated severe attenuation of parenchyma in the lower pole. The radiographic appearance of a diminutive lower collecting system indicated the proper diagnosis when there was sufficient parenchyma for visualization. Parenchymal attenuation may represent either hypoplasia or inflammatory atrophy. Whichever the cause, it is important that the diminutive lower pole not be mistaken for a renal mass, extrinsic tumor, renal infarction, or a postoperative change. Index terms Kidneys, abnormalities Kidneys, atrophy Kidneys, diseases (Kidney, abnormal number, 81.141) (Kidney, unilateral duplication, 81.1413) (Kidney, hypoplasia, 81.144)

El-Khoury, Georges Y.; Albright, John P.; Yousef, Monzer M. Abu; Montgomery, William J.; Tuck, Steven L.

doi: 10.1148/131.2.333pmid: 441314

Arthrotomography was used to study the glenoid labrum in 8 patients with problems of shoulder instability. In 4 patients, an anterior lesion of the labrum was noted radiographically. The abnormality was confirmed at surgery in 3 of the 4. In 1 of the 3, anterior capsular detachment was also demonstrated radiographically and confirmed surgically. One patient had voluntary posterior subluxation: radiographically, the labrum was normal, and at surgery no abnormalities could be found. The technique, which is simple to perform, is described and radiographic anatomy discussed. Index terms Arthrography, technique Shoulder, abnormalities Shoulder, arthrography, 41.122 (Shoulder, soft tissue injury, 41.481)