The Quarterly Journal of Economics

Watkins, G. P.

doi: 10.2307/1885835pmid: N/A

Summary I. The principle of differentiation: Apparently opposite characteristics of steam-railroad and street-railway rates, 624, — Summary of principles at the foundation of the differential rates of steam railroads, 625. — Their relation to branch-line deficits, 626. — II. Character of the street-railway flat rate: The street-railway flat rate, equally with the differential rates of steam roads, is not adjusted to cost, 628. — The nickel is the convenient price for a service that will be generally demanded only if the price be small, 629. — This price once adopted, concessions and adjustments to new developments have more easily been made elsewhere than in the rate, 630. — Costs of street-railway carriage vary greatly, 634. — Even the zone system does not adjust rates to costs, 635. — Passenger business in general is less susceptible to external differentiation, 636. — The responsiveness to lowered rates of the demand for street-railway service is about maximal for all classes at the nickel, 637. — Importance of combining “lean” with “fat,” 639. — III. Certain applications of differentiation in street-railway practice: The distance limit of the ride from the center of the city to be had for 5 cents is not fixed by the prime cost of the particular service, 640. — The growth of a comprehensive system does not necessarily mean an increase in the average length of ride, 642. — Rapid transit lines may be expected to preserve the 5-cent rate to distant residence districts, 643. — Transfers are an accident of the passenger trip which should not ordinarily affect the rate, tho joint-rates may well be higher, 645. — Differentiation in the quality of service may be economically justifiable, 647. — Overcrowding at rush periods is not to be determined by merely physical standards, 648. This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Hess, Roscoe R.

doi: 10.2307/1885836pmid: N/A

Summary I. Requirements for success: cheap spruce and cheap water power, 652. — Peculiarity of market for news paper, 654. — II. Combination in the industry, 656. — Business policy of the “trust,” 657. — III. The Tariff, 660. — Prohibition of exports of wood from Canadian provinces, 662. — Provisions of the Act of 1909, 664. — Importation of the pulps, 664. — The Conference Committee's insertion of a significant phrase, 665. — Importance of freight charges on pulp wood, 667. — Labor conditions in Canada and the United States, 671. — IV. Conservation, 673. — Methods of cutting timber, 674. — Analysis of causes leading to devastation, 675. — V. Conclusions as to the Tariff, 678.— American mills owning favorably situated woodland receive a rent, 679. — Probability of gradual extermination of inefficient and disadvantageously located mills, 681. 1 This paper received the first prize in the undergraduate competition of 1911 for Bowdoin Prizes in Harvard College. This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Brooks, Robert C.

doi: 10.2307/1885837pmid: N/A

Summary Recent development of this form of taxation in Germany, 683. — The action of the Reichstag, 684. — The law of Feb. 14, 1911, 685. — Exemptions, 685. — Computation of unearned increment, 686. — Original cost and permanent improvements, 687. — Retroactive provisions, 689. — Additions allowed to cost of improvements, 693. — Allowance for change in purchasing power of money, 695. — Selling price and deductions therefrom, 695. — Tax rates, 696. — Summary illustration of working, 697. — Revenue divided among Empire, states, and cities, 700. — Treatment of existing taxes of the same kind, 704. — Administration, 706. — Probable revenue, 707. — Conclusion, 708. This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Hibbard, Benjamin H.

doi: 10.2307/1885838pmid: N/A

Summary The tenancy problem one of many phases, 710. — Characterization of the North Central States, 712. — Relation of tenancy to value of land, by states, 714. — The same by groups of counties, 717. — Influenced by size of farms, 719. — By type of farming, 720. — Tenancy and the corn belt, 723. — Extensive and intensive farming, 724. — Summary, 728. This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

King, F. A.

doi: 10.2307/1885839pmid: N/A

Summary The check-off system now in general use by the United Mine Workers, 730. — Why the operators have granted it: a precedent in the existing check-off for supplies, and in the presence of the check-weigh-man, 731. — History of the check-off system for union dues, 734. — Its main features, 735. — The unions' “card day” done away with, 737. — Effect of the check-off in strengthening the union, 738. — It acts to bring about virtually, tho not formally, the closed shop, 739. This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Holcombe, A. N.

doi: 10.2307/1885840pmid: N/A

Article PDF first page preview Close This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Copeland, Melvin T.

doi: 10.2307/1885841pmid: N/A

Article PDF first page preview Close This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

doi: 10.2307/1885842pmid: N/A

1 Translated by Dr. R. F. Foerster. With the text of the German Act comparison may be made with the corresponding provisions in the British Finance Act of 1909–10, which imposes taxes on increment values as well as on undeveloped land and on mineral rights. The text of the British Act being comparatively easy of access to American students, it has not been thought necessary to print that also. A convenient edition is The (1909–10) Finance Act, “The Budget,” with introduction and notes by W. H. Aggs; London, Sweet & Maxwell, 1910. Article PDF first page preview Close This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

doi: 10.1093/qje/25.4.766pmid: N/A

Article PDF first page preview Close This content is only available as a PDF. Copyright, 1910–11, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College