Pure and Applied Geophysics

Berroth, A.

doi: 10.1007/BF01993399pmid: N/A

The gravitational declination appears here as the analogue of the wellknown magnetic declination. The photographic recording theodolit in connection with a high frequency impulse transmitter allows, by a method of simultaneousness on two fieldstations, its direct and connected measurement and its elimination with regard to geodetic directions. The method has been based on linear equations, with the only request of horizontal angle measurements to a plain system of stars, abstracting from any transportable clocks. The method promises a higher accuracy and a multiple as great working velocity, comparatively to the state at present.

Wegener, Kurt

doi: 10.1007/BF01993400pmid: N/A

Einige einfache Beziehungen zwischen den Schwere-Werten und der Formung der Gebirge werden gezeigt.

Vajk, Raoul

doi: 10.1007/BF01993401pmid: N/A

Methods for the elimination of the regional effect from gravity data are discussed in this paper. A historical review of the average gradient method used in torsion balance data is given. The connection between the averaging, or grid method, used on the gravity meter data and the average gradient method is pointed out and a criticism of these methods is given. Due to the ambiguity of the interpretation of gravity data no unique determination of the regional effect is possible and no mechanical method for its removal can be found. The determination of a regional gravity effect is an interpretation problem and for this reason it is unavoidably the subject of geological consideration and of the personal judgement of the interpreter. The method of smoothing the isogams and gravity curves is also discussed. A few suggestions are made for breaking the gravity data into two components (regional and residual) by the analysis of the gravity data. Finally the application of the second derivative methods for the elimination of the regional effect is discussed.

Kilczer, J.

doi: 10.1007/BF01993402pmid: N/A

By substituting in an allowed manner the actual waves with plane waves and considering that any segments of the trajectories between the same wave fronts are isochronic ways for the vibrations: on derives the well known travel-time formulas quite plainly without the tiresome geometrical calculations applied hitherto.

Chapman, Sydney

doi: 10.1007/BF01993403pmid: N/A

Evidence is adduced indicating that geomagnetic disturbance at Huancayo isnormal, that is, comparable with that shown elsewhere in similar latitudes —as contrasted with the remarkable Huancayoabnormality, in the horizontal magnetic force, of the quiet-day solar and lunar daily variations, and in theS q augmentation (solar flare effect). the normality of magnetic disturbance at Huancayo is manifested by the disturbance daily variationS D, and by the storm-effectD st and its associated changes of daily mean (D m) and the non-cyclic variation; it is not stated whether or not the irregular part,D i, is normal. The normality ofD st seems natural according to theChapman-Ferraro theory of magnetic storms, but the normality ofS D is less easy to explain.

Mieghem, Jacques

doi: 10.1007/BF01993404pmid: N/A

L'objet de cet article est d'établir les bilans énergétiques dans un référentiel quelconque, animé d'un mouvement variable d'un point à un autre et d'un instant à un autre. Le bilan de l'énergie mécanique se déduit, grâce au théorème des forces vives, des équations du mouvement de l'air par rapport au référentiel mobile. Le bilan qui exprime la conservation de l'énergie totale s'obtient en transposant, dans le référentiel mobile, l'expression du premier principe de la thermodynamique, énoncé dans le référentiel galiléen.

Truesdell, C.

doi: 10.1007/BF01993405pmid: N/A

TheErtel vorticity theorem in its usual local form is not valid for viscous fluids. By a purely kinematical analysis it is shown, however, that the theorem continues to hold in mean over any volume on whose bounding surface the acceleration is wholly normal, for an arbitrary continuous medium.

Wegener, Kurt

doi: 10.1007/BF01993406pmid: N/A

Die Solarkonstante 2.4 wird begründet.

Meinhold, H.

doi: 10.1007/BF01993407pmid: N/A

The wave form of atmospherics recorded at a distance of some hundred km from the lightning stroke may be explained if the influence of propagation mechanism, excluding ionospheric reflection, is considered. The wave form results from the damping of higher frequencies, if propagation occurs about ground.

Meinhold, H.

doi: 10.1007/BF01993408pmid: N/A

Es wurde die Aufladung eines Flugzeuges beim Flug durch Quellwolken gemessen. Es ergab sich, dass beim Einflug in die Wolke und bei einsetzender Vereisung das Flugzeug stark negativ aufgeladen wurde, nach dem Abtauen blieb eine kleine positive Restladung zurück. Das maximale Potential des Flugzeugs betrug ca. 35 KV/m. Das Vorzeichen der Aufladung steht im Einklang mit den vonWorkman im Laboratorium ermittelten Werten.