Psychological Bulletin

Terman, L. M.

doi: 10.1037/h0074067pmid: N/A

The three existing methods to determine mental classification of army personnel have several drawbacks. The method of trying out involves trying out each soldier in tasks of various degrees of difficulty. Although fairly sure, it is very slow. Pseudo-scientific methods of rating mentality involve phrenological method of determining definite and constant relations existing between mental traits and contour of head. However, it lacks scientific support. The method of off-hand judgment involves determining mental traits on the basis of ordinary observation. The method suffers from lack of universal standard of judgment, inter-judge agreement and is misled by language and appearances. The Intelligence tests involve analysis of typical samples of intellectual activity and yield good predictive results. They are objective, standardized and are little influenced by the educational variables.

Burtt, Harold E.

doi: 10.1037/h0073217pmid: N/A

Reviews seven studies on cutaneous space published from 1916-1918. Aesthesiometer experiments study (a) errors of tactual localization in relation to cutaneous hypoaesthesia (b) tactual perception of linear stimuli (c)determines the tactual spatial threshold (d) individual variations in estimation of tactual stimuli by hand and tongue (e) tactual illusion of movement as determined by distance, intensity and duration of stimuli (f) higher degree of sensibility to touch and feelings of movements are demonstrated by blind than sighted individuals. Another study reports no differences.

Carr, Harvey

doi: 10.1037/h0070865pmid: N/A

Reviews studies on space illusions published from 1916-1918 which indicate that (a) autokinetic illusion appears for distant objects (b) relationship exists between intelligence and proof reader's illusion (c) illusory perception of motion induced by successive presentation of two spatially discrete auditory stimuli discard Wertheimer's hypothesis (d) vertical-horizontal illusion is a special case of meridional disparities which vary with individual (e) illusions are due to attention which is conditioned in part by retinal factors and in part by eye movements.

Downey, June E.

doi: 10.1037/h0075740pmid: N/A

Reviews 12 studies relating to graphic functions published from 1915-1917 which indicate (a) Each school should establish norms of achievement in handwriting and construct its own scale for the same (b) Relationship of legibility and form in handwriting is determined by letter-formation, spacing, uniformity of alignment, quality of line and uniformity of slant (c) Deterioration of forms in adult writing was analyzed for determining modification of teaching practice (d) Survey of literature on psychology of drawing is a device in laboratory teaching (e) Pictorial art of insane is representative of emotional states and complexes (f) The graphic elements to "Handwriting Disguise".