European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

Rossi, Cristiana; Pini, Luigi; Cupini, Maria; Calabresi, Paolo; Sarchielli, Paola

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0391-4pmid: 18004553

These data support the potential involvement of a dysfunctioning of the endocannabinoid and serotonergic systems in the pathology of CM and MOH. These systems appear to be mutually related and able to contribute to the chronification of both CM and MOH.

Lima, M.; Ribeiro, G.; Mesquita, E.; Victer, P.; Vianna-Jorge, R.

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0385-2pmid: 17955230

Patients with either CYP2C9*2 or CYP2C9*3 show higher risk of over-anticoagulation compared to CYP2C9*1*1 subjects and could benefit from a reduction in the initial warfarin standard dose (e.g., to 2.5 mg/day).

Backman, Janne; Schröder, Marika; Neuvonen, Pertti

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0389-ypmid: 17955229

Gender by itself seems to have no clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of tizanidine, whereas smoking reduces plasma concentrations and effects of tizanidine. Any possible effect of gender and smoking is largely outweighed by individual variability in CYP1A2 activity due to genetic and environmental factors and in body weight. Careful dosing of tizanidine is warranted in small females, whereas male smokers can require higher than average doses.

Saari, Teijo; Laine, Kari; Neuvonen, Mikko; Neuvonen, Pertti; Olkkola, Klaus

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0398-xpmid: 17987285

Both voriconazole and fluconazole delay the elimination of fentanyl significantly. Caution should be exercised, especially in patients who are given voriconazole or fluconazole during long-lasting fentanyl treatment, because insidiously elevated fentanyl concentration may lead to respiratory depression.

Rakhit, Ashok; Pantze, Michael; Fettner, Scott; Jones, Hannah; Charoin, Jean-Eric; Riek, Myriam; Lum, Bert; Hamilton, Marta

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0396-zpmid: 18000659

Prediction of clinically important drug-drug interaction with SimCYP™ using in vitro human metabolism data can be a powerful tool during early clinical development to ensure safe administration of anticancer drugs, which are often co-administered at maximum tolerated doses with other drugs as part of a palliative treatment regimen.

Soudry, Agnès; Dufouil, Carole; Ritchie, Karen; Dartigues, Jean-François; Tzourio, Christophe; Alpérovitch, Annick

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0392-3pmid: 17952422

In this large elderly population, the proportion of antidepressant users increased by 23% over a 2-year period. Increasing use was found in all age groups. Our data suggested that many elderly people are chronic users of antidepressants independently of their depression status.

Fernández Urrusuno, Rocío; Pedregal González, Miguel; Torrecilla Rojas, Ma

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0384-3pmid: 17972071

The risk of hospitalization for serious gastrointestinal adverse events can be partially linked to the prescribing of NSAIDs based on an analysis of the prescribing indicators. A higher prescribing of NSAIDs was associated with significantly higher admissions. This relationship was not found for indicators based on the relative use of some NSAIDs versus total NSAIDs or on the use of gastroprotective drugs.

Hedenmalm, Karin; Melander, Hans; Alvan, Gunnar

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0403-4pmid: 18000658

Multiple approaches to assessing the efficacy and safety in clinical trials need to be considered in order to facilitate early stopping of clinical trials with a negative risk benefit balance. Such systems may, for example, include the use of p -value flags and/or a complementary statistical analysis of the likelihood of achieving the study objective based on the data obtained to date.

Cáceres, Macarena; Peñas-LLedó, Eva; Rubia, Alfredo; LLerena, Adrián

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0386-1pmid: 17952424

The increase in SGAs paralleled the decreased rate of hospitalization in schizophrenia patients. However, the influence of other factors such as SGA use for disorders other than schizophrenia can not be ruled out. Moreover changes in the health-care system, such as the increase in primary mental health care and social rehabilitation programs, may also have a relevant influence.

Kolade, Yetunde; Babalola, Chinedum; Olaniyi, Ajibola; Scriba, Gerhard

doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0387-0pmid: 17952423

Co-administration of halofantrine and kolanut caused a significant decrease in the plasma concentrations of halofantrine and the active metabolite desbutylhalofantrine probably during adsorption of the drug due to complex formation. This indicates that caution should be exerted when the drug is taken together with caffeine-containing nutrients.