Neuroradiology 0028-3940

Fenstermacher, J.; Bradbury, M.; Boulay, G.; Kendall, B.; Radu, E.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376705pmid: 6770285

234 19 19 4 4 J. D. Fenstermacher M. W. B. Bradbury G. du Boulay B. E. Kendall E. W. Radu Department of Physiology King's College Queen Square London UK Lysholm Radiological Department The National Hospital Queen Square London UK the Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology National Cancer Institute Bethesda Maryland USA Summary The entry of 125 I-metrizamide and of 125 I-diatrizoate from blood into brain has been studied in rabbits. The blood-brain barrier is very tight to both molecules, all cerebral regions having spaces between 0.5 and 2% after maintenance of constant blood levels for 4 h. In extraneural tissues both compounds appear to distribute in extracellular fluid except for accumulation of metrizamide by the liver and perhaps the small intestine. Profiles of radioactivity through cerebral gray matter have been obtained following ventriculocisternal perfusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid containing 125 I-metrizamide. The nature of these profiles and their behavior with time suggest that metrizamide passes through gray matter by simple diffusion, that it is largely distributed in the extracellular fluid and that back movement across the blood-brain barrier is small.

Traupe, H.; Heiss, W.; Hoeffken, W.; Zülch, K.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376706pmid: 7383340

234 19 19 4 4 H. Traupe W. -D. Heiss W. Hoeffken K. J. Zülch Forschungsstelle für Hirnkreislaufforschung im Max-Planck-Institut für Hirnforschung Cologne Germany Strahleninstitut der AOK Cologne Germany Summary Transit studies consist of a rapid sequence of single cross-section CT scans performed during and following the bolus injection of contrast medium into the venous system. The low vascular volume of the brain leads to small changes in attenuation thereby reflecting the perfusion of vasculature. Studies were carried out following 45 examinations on 24 stroke patients and 15 tumor patients. Hypo-, normo- and hyperperfusion were observed in different tissue categories and related to specific tissue elements. The comparison of perfusion patterns with pre-contrast CT values and enhancement after 5 min elucidates cerebral hemodynamics in hypodense to hyperdense lesions with or without damage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) Cystic lesions and edema were found to have slight damage of the BBB and markedly reduced perfusion. Infarcts demonstrated, depending on their state of evolution to cystic defects or recovery to normal, hypoperfusion and extravasation of contrast medium or hyperperfusion with or without damage of the BBB. A diagnostically valuable difference between edema and infarcts was seen in the phase of stable distribution after 5 min. In most tumors hypervascularity and pathological extravasation were seen, whereby the cause of enhancement could be differentiated. Owing to the properties of the contrast medium used, and to the fact that transit times can not yet be measured, quantification of CBV and CBF was not possible. Definition of large cerebral vessels, especially in the neighborhood of brain tumors, and the improvement in detectability of small lesions by low dose contrast injection, will be demonstrated as a spin-off of CT transit studies.

Bradac, G.; Oberson, R.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376707pmid: 7383341

234 19 19 4 4 G. B. Bradac R. Oberson Abt. für Roentgendiagnostik-Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Steglitz Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany Service de Radiologie Clinique Cecil Lausanne Switzerland Summary A correlation between CT and angiography in patients with occlusive diseases of cerebral vessles in the supratentorial area was made. This study confirms the poor diagnostic value of CT in patients with TIA. In patients with completed stroke CT was very often positive (85%), as well as the angiography. Nevertheless good correlation between these two examinations was found only in 40% of the patients. With CT alone, it is often not possible to predict which vessel is primarly involved. For precise diagnosis angiography must follow.

Collier, B.; Seltzer, S.; Kido, D.; Utsunomiya, R.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376708pmid: 6770286

234 19 19 4 4 B. D. Collier S. E. Seltzer D. K. Kido R. Utsunomiya Department of Radiology Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Summary Gray scale ultrasound identified the lateral and third ventricles, basal ganglia, columns of the fornix, and the suprasellar optic system of monkeys with craniotomy defects. Needles were placed in these structures under ultrasound guidance. Radiographs and formalin fixed brain sections confirmed the expected position of the needle tracts.

Handa, J.; Matsuda, I.; Nakasu, S.; Nakano, Y.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376709pmid: 7383342

234 19 19 4 4 J. Handa I. Matsuda S. Nakasu Y. Nakano Department of Neurosurgery Shiga University of Medical Science Ohtsu Japan Department of Radiology Kyoto University Hospital Kyoto Japan Summary Congenital absence of one internal carotid artery was found by angiography in a woman of 52 years who had subarachnoid hemorrhage. The absence of the bony carotid canal on the affected side substantiated the congenital nature of this rare vascular anomaly. We believe this to be the first report of absence of the bony carotid canal and the intracavernous portion of the internal carotid artery confirmed by computed tomography and cavernous sinography.

Illum, F.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376710pmid: 7383343

234 19 19 4 4 F. Illum Department of Neuroradiology Aarhus Kommunehospital, University of Aarhus Denmark Frihedsvej 23 B DK-6700 Esbjerg Denmark Summary Minor calcification of the basal ganglia was demonstrated by computed tomography in a woman, aged 66, who had survived carbon monoxide poisoning 48 years earlier. Extensive neuropathological investigations have demonstrated calcified lesions of the basal ganglia in a number of conditions, but their frequency and topographic distribution in vivo remain to be elucidated, by means of CT.

Simmons, K.; Sage, M.; Reilly, P.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376711pmid: 6892951

234 19 19 4 4 K. C. Simmons M. R. Sage P. L. Reilly Department of Radiology Flinders Medical Centre Bedford Park South Australia Department of Surgery Flinders Medical Centre Bedford Park South Australia Summary The CT findings in a case of intracerebral haematoma due to rupture of a mycotic aneurysm are presented. In addition to the haematoma, CT demonstrated small focal areas of cortical enhancement, which corresponded to the peripheral aneurysms seen on angiography. Such findings are thought to be characteristic; a brief differential diagnosis is discussed.

Christmann, D.; Babin, E.

doi: 10.1007/BF00376712pmid: 6966770

234 19 19 4 4 D. Christmann E. Babin Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital Strasbourg France Service de Neuroradiologie CHU de Strasbourg I place de l'Hôpital F-67091 Strasbourg France Summary The chance opacification of the subarachnoid space surrounding the Gasserian ganglion, observed during metrizamide basal cisternography, is reported. This is compared to similar demonstrations of the optic subarachnoid space. Such infrequently observed images should be known because they may be related to the occurrence of trigeminal neuralgia.