Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

Vadukapuram, Ramu; Trivedi, Chintan; Desai, Saral; Mansuri, Zeeshan; Jain, Shailesh; Reddy, Abhishek

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001782pmid: 38573754

Abstract Bullying victimization has been identified as a significant factor influencing academic outcomes. We sought to evaluate the educational outcomes and psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents who are victims of bullying using the National Survey of Children's Health dataset for the study. The participants were children and adolescents (age: 6–17 years) categorized into two groups: group 1, not bullied (n = 21,015), and group 2, bullied more than once (n = 21,775). Individuals whose health status was fair or poor have experienced more bullying (2.4% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.001). Individuals in the group 2 were more likely to repeat the grades than the group 1 (7.1% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.039). Individuals who were missing ≥11 school days and sometimes or never engaged in school were observed to be more in the group 2 compared with the group 1 (5.9% vs. 3.2% and 20.3% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, bullying victimization could be a risk factor and associated with decreased academic outcomes.

Meng, Xiangfei; Dong, Yueyang; Gao, Tianbao; Su, Jianping; Zhao, Yanjie; Zhu, Xiangning; He, Meng; Zhang, Tingmeng; Sun, Jiao

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001785pmid: 38950421

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of knowledge and beliefs on beneficial behaviors and dementia risk scores. A online survey was conducted among Chinese community residents over 18 years old. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the impact of knowledge and beliefs on dementia risk scores and beneficial behaviors. The respondents were 760 adults (mean age = 47.6 years, 60.8% female). Knowledge and beliefs were associated with cognitive activities (knowledge, odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; beliefs, OR = 1.17) and dementia risk scores (knowledge, OR = 0.95; beliefs, OR = 0.82). Additionally, lower perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.72) and higher perceived benefits (OR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.80) were associated with lower dementia risk scores. Knowledge and beliefs can promote beneficial behaviors and reduce dementia risk. In particular, perceptions of dementia susceptibility and benefits should be enhanced, which will greatly reduce dementia risk in the general public.

Silverman, Alexandra L.; Werntz, Alexandra; Schofield, Casey; Prinstein, Mitchell J.; McKay, Dean; Teachman, Bethany A.

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001786pmid: 39008893

Abstract This study evaluated the impact of a direct-to-consumer (DTC) marketing video designed to educate the public about patients' rights to evidence-based mental health care (EBMHC). Participants (N = 632) were randomly assigned to an active DTC video condition, a control video condition, or a control condition without a video. Participants who watched the DTC video (vs. both control conditions) had significantly greater knowledge of patients' rights to EBMHC. Further, individuals who watched the DTC (vs. control) video reported significantly greater comfort with accessing care and perceived their assigned video as significantly more culturally sensitive. However, participants who watched the DTC video were not significantly different from both control conditions on self-report measures of self-efficacy in working with a provider, likelihood of asking a provider about one's rights, treatment-seeking intentions, and self-stigma. Findings suggest the potential for a DTC video to promote knowledge of EBMHC, though its impact on help-seeking perceptions and intentions was less promising.

Spytska, Liana

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001787pmid: 38950428

Abstract The aim is to identify the causes of physical and emotional health disorders in men in terms of intimate interaction with partners, as well as how they can be prevented. The research used comparison, analysis, statistical methods, and surveys. The need for people to discover and study sexual health issues in the modern world in order to support not only the physical, but also the psychological aspects of their body, as well as the impact of lifestyle on this process, is shown. The research was conducted to better understand all diseases that are based on the deterioration of the psycho-emotional state of men, which leads to sexual disorders. A more detailed study of this topic will allow to better select treatment for patients and find different approaches to the problem in the future.

Dang, Wen; Li, Wenjing; Liu, Haotian; Li, Chunyang; Zhu, Tingxi; Bai, Lin; Yang, Runnan; Wang, Jingyi; Liao, Xiao; Liu, Bo; Zhang, Simai; Yuan, Minlan; Zhang, Wei

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001792

Aftab, Awais; Banicki, Konrad; Ruffalo, Mark L.; Frances, Allen

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001791pmid: 39079000

Abstract The controversies surrounding the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases have generated significant debate across the psy-sciences. This debate has been further fueled by the launch of the Research Domain Criteria as a framework to facilitate advances in neuroscientific research, a renewed emphasis on dimensional models of psychopathology, currently exemplified by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology, and development of the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual by the psychodynamic community. In this article, we provide a clinical overview of recent debates surrounding categorical and dimensional approaches to psychiatric diagnosis, offer a critical assessment of proposed alternatives, and discuss how clinicians can navigate a plurality of diagnostic frameworks. Our discussion emphasizes that diagnostic frameworks need to be contextualized within the process of a comprehensive clinical evaluation, and their advantages and disadvantages should be understood in relationship to the theoretical orientations and practical needs of clinicians.

Phillips, James; Norko, Michael A.

doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001733pmid: 39079001