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WILSKE, KENNETH R.; ROSS, RUSSELL; Caldwell, Leslie E.; Bockus, Dawn E.
doi: 10.1177/13.1.38pmid: 14284806
An approach to the localization of isotopically labelled lipid-soluble and water-soluble substances by autoradiography is presented. Previous attempts to retain such substances in situ in tissues have often been unsuccessful due to diffusion in the media involved in tissue preparation; and at the interface between the emulsion and the tissue section. Rats were given estradiol-H3 and aspirin-H3 as representatives of lipid-soluble and partially water-soluble compounds. After removal, tissues were quick frozen, frozen-dried, fixed in the vapor phase with osmium tetroxide or paraformaldehyde and vacuum embedded in Epon. One-micron sections were coated with emulsion and subsequently developed. Discrete localization of isotope was seen in autoradiographs. Data is presented to demonstrate the marked solubility of these compounds in the media used for routine fixation and dehydration, in contrast to their insolubility in epoxy resin. These findings present an opportunity for the cellular localization of numerous compounds by autoradiography that heretofore has not been possible.
WACHSTEIN, MAX; BRADSHAW, MAIRE
doi: 10.1177/13.1.44pmid: 14284807
The activities of various enzymes were studied histochemically in two species which at birth have a kidney with an active nephrogenic zone, the rat and rabbit, and one (the guinea pig) in which this organ is at this time apparently fully matured. The histochemical reactions, in general, reflect the degree of maturity found in kidneys of newborn and growing animals. Immature proximal convoluted tubules lack enzymatic activity or show only minimal amounts. As these tubules mature, the adult pattern is noted at about the 14th to 16th day after birth in rat, and after 21 to 28 days in rabbit. Within this general pattern, however, considerable variations are noted. Glucose-6-phosphatase, e.g., is less active at birth, even in mature tubules, while acid phosphatase localized in granular "lysosomal" bodies is as prominent in newborn kidney as in adult. Newborn guinea pig kidney lacks glomerular adenosine triphosphatase activity in spite of its general enzymatic maturity, while rat kidney at birth has no tubular adenosine triphosphatase activity, even in more mature proximal convolutions.Oxidative enzymes, particularly succinic dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase are active in tubules of the inner portion of medulla in rat and rabbit at birth. This appears to be an expression of the immaturity of newborn kidney. With the progress of zonal differentiation, this enzyme activity is no longer found in the papillary portion of medulla where thin limbs of Henle's loop are now located. In rat kidney, best seen in cryostat sections briefly postfixed in very cold neutral formalin, single cells are found in the collecting ducts with striking 5-nucleotidase activity. The number of these cells is greater in neonatal kidney than in adult kidney. The physiological significance of many of the findings described in this report has still to be clarified.
GLENNER, G. G.; COHEN, L. A.; FOLK, J. E.
doi: 10.1177/13.1.57pmid: 14284808
The acid salts of amino acid β-naphthylamides have been found to have greater stability and solubility than their corresponding free bases. For the purpose of applying these substrates in subsequent studies in histochemical and biochemical systems, the syntheses and characteristics of a large variety of previously unreported intermediates, acid salts and free bases of amino acid β-naphthylamides and their analogues are described.
doi: 10.1177/13.1.74pmid: N/A
In the article by Dr. McClurkin entitled "On the Cytochemical Demonstration of Sodium-Activated ATPase" appearing in the September issue of the JOURNAL (12: 654, 1964), the correct figure for the amount of NaCl to be added to the incubating medium formula on page 655 is 15 mg, rather than 55 mg. The JOURNAL regrets this error.
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