Journal of Heredity

M. T. Clegg

doi: jhered;88/1/1pmid: N/A

The fundamental research program of population genetics has been to seek a quantitative assessment of the role of the various forces of evolution in shaping patterns of genetic variation. This goal has been pursued on both empirical and theoretical fronts. The introduction of biochemical and molecular techniques into population genetics more than 25 years ago reveald vast stores of genetic variation within populations. This level of genetic diversity is difficult to reconcile with balancing selection, and as a consequence, recent thinking has emphasized the role of mutation and genetic random drift as the primary determinants of genetic diversity. The resulting neutral theory of molecular evolution has dominated population genetic thought for more than 20 years. Nonadaptive theories have also emphasized the role of deleterious mutations in driving evolutionary change. New insights into the relative importance of selection and genetic random drift can now be obtained from samples of DNA sequences of genes drawn from within species. The elaboration of coalescene theory, together with the accumulation of data on gene genealogies, permits an integration over relatively long periods of evolutionary time. The ability to integrate over long periods of evolutionary time permits the detection of small selection intensities and it reveals some information about the mode of selection. When the genealogy is consistent with a neutral process, the effective population size can be estimated, as can the age of the coalescent, thus providing new empirical approaches to the estimation of these important parameters. Applications of these approaches in plant population genetics are still in their infancy, but they have already provided new insights into effective population sizes and they are beginning to illustrate how selection for domestication has affected plant genomes. © 1997 The American Genetic Association « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article J Hered (1997) 88 (1): 1-7. » Abstract Free Full Text (PDF) Free Classifications Article Services Article metrics Alert me when cited Alert me if corrected Find similar articles Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Add to my archive Download citation Request Permissions Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via CrossRef Citing articles via Scopus Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Clegg, M. T. Search for related content PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Clegg, M. T. Related Content Load related web page information Share Email this article CiteULike Delicious Facebook Google+ Mendeley Twitter What's this? Search this journal: Advanced » Current Issue September-October 2015 106 (5) Alert me to new issues The Journal About this journal Publishers' Books for Review Rights & Permissions Dispatch date of the next issue This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Journal of Heredity Collections We are mobile – find out more Journals Career Network Published on behalf of The American Genetic Association Impact factor: 2.088 5-Yr impact factor: 2.417 Editor-in-Chief C. Scott Baker View full editorial board For Authors Instructions to authors Online submission instructions Submit now! Data Archiving Policy This journal enables compliance with the NIH Public Access Policy Optional Open Access is Available - Visit Oxford Open Author Self Archiving Policy Alerting Services Email table of contents Email Advance Access CiteTrack XML RSS feed Corporate Services Advertising sales Reprints Supplements

Clegg, M., T.

doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a023048pmid: 9048442

Abstract The fundamental research program of population genetics has been to seek a quantitative assessment of the role of the various forces of evolution in shaping patterns of genetic variation. This goal has been pursued on both empirical and theoretical fronts. The introduction of biochemical and molecular techniques into population genetics more than 25 years ago reveald vast stores of genetic variation within populations. This level of genetic diversity is difficult to reconcile with balancing selection, and as a consequence, recent thinking has emphasized the role of mutation and genetic random drift as the primary determinants of genetic diversity. The resulting neutral theory of molecular evolution has dominated population genetic thought for more than 20 years. Nonadaptive theories have also emphasized the role of deleterious mutations in driving evolutionary change. New insights into the relative importance of selection and genetic random drift can now be obtained from samples of DNA sequences of genes drawn from within species. The elaboration of coalescene theory, together with the accumulation of data on gene genealogies, permits an integration over relatively long periods of evolutionary time. The ability to integrate over long periods of evolutionary time permits the detection of small selection intensities and it reveals some information about the mode of selection. When the genealogy is consistent with a neutral process, the effective population size can be estimated, as can the age of the coalescent, thus providing new empirical approaches to the estimation of these important parameters. Applications of these approaches in plant population genetics are still in their infancy, but they have already provided new insights into effective population sizes and they are beginning to illustrate how selection for domestication has affected plant genomes. This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 The American Genetic Association

Clegg, M. T.

doi: N/Apmid: N/A

The fundamental research program of population genetics has been to seek a quantitative assessment of the role of the various forces of evolution in shaping patterns of genetic variation. This goal has been pursued on both empirical and theoretical fronts. The introduction of biochemical and molecular techniques into population genetics more than 25 years ago reveald vast stores of genetic variation within populations. This level of genetic diversity is difficult to reconcile with balancing selection, and as a consequence, recent thinking has emphasized the role of mutation and genetic random drift as the primary determinants of genetic diversity. The resulting neutral theory of molecular evolution has dominated population genetic thought for more than 20 years. Nonadaptive theories have also emphasized the role of deleterious mutations in driving evolutionary change. New insights into the relative importance of selection and genetic random drift can now be obtained from samples of DNA sequences of genes drawn from within species. The elaboration of coalescene theory, together with the accumulation of data on gene genealogies, permits an integration over relatively long periods of evolutionary time. The ability to integrate over long periods of evolutionary time permits the detection of small selection intensities and it reveals some information about the mode of selection. When the genealogy is consistent with a neutral process, the effective population size can be estimated, as can the age of the coalescent, thus providing new empirical approaches to the estimation of these important parameters. Applications of these approaches in plant population genetics are still in their infancy, but they have already provided new insights into effective population sizes and they are beginning to illustrate how selection for domestication has affected plant genomes.

K. Summers, E. Bermingham, L. Weigt, S. McCafferty, L. Dahistrom

doi: jhered;88/1/8pmid: N/A

Why some species exhibit remarkable variation among populations while closely related species are relatively uniform remains unclear. The strawberry dart-poison frog ( Dendrobates pumilio ) exhibits spectacular color and pattern polmorphism among populations in the Bocas del Toro archipelago of Panama. In contrast, two other sympatric species of dart-poison frog, Phyllobates lugubris and Minyobates sp., show little color or pattern variation among island populations. Here we demonstrate that the color and pattern variation among populations of D. pumilio is not matched by higher levels of mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence relative to P. lugubris or Minyobates sp. Thus, neutral divergence in allopatry is unlikely to have caused the geographical differences observed in D. pumlilo . We suggest that strong sexual selection associated with female parental care in D. pumilio , which contrasts the male parental care of P. lugubris and Minyobates sp., may have driven divergence in coloration and pattern in D. pumillo . © 1997 The American Genetic Association « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article J Hered (1997) 88 (1): 8-13. » Abstract Free Full Text (PDF) Free Classifications Article Services Article metrics Alert me when cited Alert me if corrected Find similar articles Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Add to my archive Download citation Request Permissions Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via CrossRef Citing articles via Scopus Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Summers, K. Articles by Dahistrom, L. Search for related content PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Summers, K. Articles by Bermingham, E. Articles by Weigt, L. Articles by McCafferty, S. Articles by Dahistrom, L. Related Content Load related web page information Share Email this article CiteULike Delicious Facebook Google+ Mendeley Twitter What's this? Search this journal: Advanced » Current Issue September-October 2015 106 (5) Alert me to new issues The Journal About this journal Publishers' Books for Review Rights & Permissions Dispatch date of the next issue This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Journal of Heredity Collections We are mobile – find out more Journals Career Network Published on behalf of The American Genetic Association Impact factor: 2.088 5-Yr impact factor: 2.417 Editor-in-Chief C. Scott Baker View full editorial board For Authors Instructions to authors Online submission instructions Submit now! Data Archiving Policy This journal enables compliance with the NIH Public Access Policy Optional Open Access is Available - Visit Oxford Open Author Self Archiving Policy Alerting Services Email table of contents Email Advance Access CiteTrack XML RSS feed Corporate Services Advertising sales Reprints Supplements

Summers,, K.;Bermingham,, E.;Weigt,, L.;McCafferty,, S.;Dahistrom,, L.

doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a023065pmid: 9048443

Abstract Why some species exhibit remarkable variation among populations while closely related species are relatively uniform remains unclear. The strawberry dart-poison frog (Dendrobates pumilio) exhibits spectacular color and pattern polmorphism among populations in the Bocas del Toro archipelago of Panama. In contrast, two other sympatric species of dart-poison frog, Phyllobates lugubris and Minyobates sp., show little color or pattern variation among island populations. Here we demonstrate that the color and pattern variation among populations of D. pumilio is not matched by higher levels of mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence relative to P. lugubris or Minyobates sp. Thus, neutral divergence in allopatry is unlikely to have caused the geographical differences observed in D. pumlilo. We suggest that strong sexual selection associated with female parental care in D. pumilio, which contrasts the male parental care of P. lugubris and Minyobates sp., may have driven divergence in coloration and pattern in D. pumillo. This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 The American Genetic Association

Summers, K.; Bermingham, E.; Weigt, L.; McCafferty, S.; Dahistrom, L.

doi: N/Apmid: N/A

Why some species exhibit remarkable variation among populations while closely related species are relatively uniform remains unclear. The strawberry dart-poison frog (Dendrobates pumilio) exhibits spectacular color and pattern polmorphism among populations in the Bocas del Toro archipelago of Panama. In contrast, two other sympatric species of dart-poison frog, Phyllobates lugubris and Minyobates sp., show little color or pattern variation among island populations. Here we demonstrate that the color and pattern variation among populations of D. pumilio is not matched by higher levels of mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence relative to P. lugubris or Minyobates sp. Thus, neutral divergence in allopatry is unlikely to have caused the geographical differences observed in D. pumlilo. We suggest that strong sexual selection associated with female parental care in D. pumilio, which contrasts the male parental care of P. lugubris and Minyobates sp., may have driven divergence in coloration and pattern in D. pumillo.

Avise, J., C.;Pierce, P., C.;, Van Den Avyle, M. J.;Smith, M., H.;Nelson, W., S.;Asmussen, M., A.

doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a023049pmid: N/A

Abstract Species-specific RFLP markers from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were identified and employed in conjunction with previously reported data for nuclear allozyme markers to examine the genetic consequences of an artificial introduction of spotted bass (Micropterus punctulatus) into a north Georgia reservoir originally occupied by native smallmouth bass (M. dolomieul). The cytonuclear genetic data indicate that within 10–15 years following the unauthorized Introduction, a reversal in these species' abundances has occurred and that more than 99% of the population sample analyzed here consists of spotted bass or products of interspecific hybridization. This demographic shift, perhaps ecologically or environmentally mediated, has been accompanied by introgressive swamping; more than 95% of the remaining smallmouth bass nuclear and cytoplasmic alleles are present in individuals of hybrid ancestry. Dilocus cytonuclear disequilibria were significantly different from zero, with patterns indicative of an excess of homospecific genetic combinations (relative to expectations from single-locus allelic frequencies) and a disproportionate contribution of smallmouth bass mothers to the hybrid gene pool. Results document dramatic genetic and demographic changes following the human-mediated introduction of a nonnative species. This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 The American Genetic Association

J. C. Avise, P. C. Pierce, M. J. Van Den Avyle, M. H. Smith, W. S. Nelson, M. A. Asmussen

doi: jhered;88/1/14pmid: N/A

Species-specific RFLP markers from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were identified and employed in conjunction with previously reported data for nuclear allozyme markers to examine the genetic consequences of an artificial introduction of spotted bass ( Micropterus punctulatus ) into a north Georgia reservoir originally occupied by native smallmouth bass ( M. dolomieul ). The cytonuclear genetic data indicate that within 10–15 years following the unauthorized Introduction, a reversal in these species' abundances has occurred and that more than 99% of the population sample analyzed here consists of spotted bass or products of interspecific hybridization. This demographic shift, perhaps ecologically or environmentally mediated, has been accompanied by introgressive swamping; more than 95% of the remaining smallmouth bass nuclear and cytoplasmic alleles are present in individuals of hybrid ancestry. Dilocus cytonuclear disequilibria were significantly different from zero, with patterns indicative of an excess of homospecific genetic combinations (relative to expectations from single-locus allelic frequencies) and a disproportionate contribution of smallmouth bass mothers to the hybrid gene pool. Results document dramatic genetic and demographic changes following the human-mediated introduction of a nonnative species. © 1997 The American Genetic Association « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article J Hered (1997) 88 (1): 14-20. » Abstract Free Full Text (PDF) Free Classifications Article Services Article metrics Alert me when cited Alert me if corrected Find similar articles Similar articles in Web of Science Add to my archive Download citation Request Permissions Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via CrossRef Citing articles via Scopus Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Avise, J. C. Articles by Asmussen, M. A. Search for related content PubMed Articles by Avise, J. C. Articles by Pierce, P. C. Articles by Van Den Avyle, M. J. Articles by Smith, M. H. Articles by Nelson, W. S. Articles by Asmussen, M. A. Related Content Load related web page information Share Email this article CiteULike Delicious Facebook Google+ Mendeley Twitter What's this? Search this journal: Advanced » Current Issue September-October 2015 106 (5) Alert me to new issues The Journal About this journal Publishers' Books for Review Rights & Permissions Dispatch date of the next issue This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Journal of Heredity Collections We are mobile – find out more Journals Career Network Published on behalf of The American Genetic Association Impact factor: 2.088 5-Yr impact factor: 2.417 Editor-in-Chief C. Scott Baker View full editorial board For Authors Instructions to authors Online submission instructions Submit now! Data Archiving Policy This journal enables compliance with the NIH Public Access Policy Optional Open Access is Available - Visit Oxford Open Author Self Archiving Policy Alerting Services Email table of contents Email Advance Access CiteTrack XML RSS feed Corporate Services Advertising sales Reprints Supplements

Avise, J. C.; Pierce, P. C.; Van Den Avyle, M. J.; Smith, M. H.; Nelson, W. S.; Asmussen, M. A.

doi: N/Apmid: N/A

Species-specific RFLP markers from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were identified and employed in conjunction with previously reported data for nuclear allozyme markers to examine the genetic consequences of an artificial introduction of spotted bass (Micropterus punctulatus) into a north Georgia reservoir originally occupied by native smallmouth bass (M. dolomieul). The cytonuclear genetic data indicate that within 10–15 years following the unauthorized Introduction, a reversal in these species' abundances has occurred and that more than 99% of the population sample analyzed here consists of spotted bass or products of interspecific hybridization. This demographic shift, perhaps ecologically or environmentally mediated, has been accompanied by introgressive swamping; more than 95% of the remaining smallmouth bass nuclear and cytoplasmic alleles are present in individuals of hybrid ancestry. Dilocus cytonuclear disequilibria were significantly different from zero, with patterns indicative of an excess of homospecific genetic combinations (relative to expectations from single-locus allelic frequencies) and a disproportionate contribution of smallmouth bass mothers to the hybrid gene pool. Results document dramatic genetic and demographic changes following the human-mediated introduction of a nonnative species.

R. M. Biyashev, R. A. Ragab, P. J. Maughan, M.A. Saghai Maroof

doi: jhered;88/1/21pmid: N/A

Phytochromes belong to a family of photoreceptors that perceive, interpret, and translate light signals that effect plant growth and development The objectives of this study were to use a heterologous phytochrome cDNA probe from oat to (1) identify phytochrome loci in barley, (2) determine the chromosomal and genomic location of phytochrome gene(s) in barley, and (3) assess the extent of genetic variation at phytochrome loci in cultivated barley ( Hordeum vulgare ). Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis detected four distinct phytochrome loci in barley, arbitrarily designated phy1, phy2, phy3 , and phy4 . Wheat-barley addition line analysis indicated that phyl, phy2 , and phy3 are located on barley chromosomes 7, 4, and 5, respectively, while phy4 represents duplicate loci located on barley chromosomes 2 and 7. Linkage mapping confirmed our results using wheatbarley addition line analysis and located the phy1 and phy3 loci to the short arm of barley chromosome 7 and to the centromerlc region of barley chromosome 5, respectively. Two to three alleles were detected at each of the five phytochrome loci examined. Genetic diversity values for the phytochrome loci were near previous estimates for RFLPS. Division of the barley samples based on spike morphol ogy indicated that the level of diversity in two- and six-rowed barley is about equal, although significant differences in allelic frequencies were detected between the subgroups. © 1997 The American Genetic Association « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article J Hered (1997) 88 (1): 21-26. » Abstract Free Full Text (PDF) Free Classifications Article Services Article metrics Alert me when cited Alert me if corrected Find similar articles Similar articles in Web of Science Add to my archive Download citation Request Permissions Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via CrossRef Citing articles via Scopus Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Biyashev, R. M. Articles by Saghai Maroof, M. Search for related content PubMed Articles by Biyashev, R. M. Articles by Ragab, R. A. Articles by Maughan, P. J. Articles by Saghai Maroof, M. Related Content Load related web page information Share Email this article CiteULike Delicious Facebook Google+ Mendeley Twitter What's this? Search this journal: Advanced » Current Issue September-October 2015 106 (5) Alert me to new issues The Journal About this journal Publishers' Books for Review Rights & Permissions Dispatch date of the next issue This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Journal of Heredity Collections We are mobile – find out more Journals Career Network Published on behalf of The American Genetic Association Impact factor: 2.088 5-Yr impact factor: 2.417 Editor-in-Chief C. Scott Baker View full editorial board For Authors Instructions to authors Online submission instructions Submit now! Data Archiving Policy This journal enables compliance with the NIH Public Access Policy Optional Open Access is Available - Visit Oxford Open Author Self Archiving Policy Alerting Services Email table of contents Email Advance Access CiteTrack XML RSS feed Corporate Services Advertising sales Reprints Supplements