Journal of Applied Psychology

Brimhall, Dean R.; Otis, Arthur S.

doi: 10.1037/h0058213pmid: N/A

To a marked degree, the future voting of an individual congressman can be predicted from his past record. The voting of 512 congressmen for 5 years was tabulated as being "progressive" or "anti-progressive." By a percentage method, a scale value was established whereby each congressman was rated from "liberal" to "conservative" (1 to 7) for each year. Results are tabulated for each representative and senator. There are 46 chances in 100 that his scale value will not change from 1 year to the next, 83 chances in 100 that his scale value will not change more than 1 unit, and 95 chances in 100 that his scale value will not change more than 2 units. Suggestions for additional research on consistency of political groups are made.

Jones, Alice May

doi: 10.1037/h0062195pmid: N/A

Non-academic jobs at the University of Illinois were rated by supervisors, employees, and personnel department. Correlations show a high degree of agreement between the 3 groups in the relative level of jobs. As a total, however, supervisors rated jobs higher than employees, and ratings by employees agreed more closely with personnel department ratings. 7 references.

Brown, Clarence W.; Ghiselli, Edwin E.

doi: 10.1037/h0055798pmid: 18905829

The accident records of 59 trolley car motormen and 34 motor coach operators were studied over a period of 18 months. The correlation coefficients between various types of accidents are small. Therefore, the theory that accident proneness is a general trait of an individual is not substantiated since a high rate of accidents of one kind does not indicate necessarily a high rate of accidents of another kind.

Guilford, J. P.; Zimmerman, Wayne S.

doi: 10.1037/h0063610pmid: N/A

Recent experimental work demonstrated that human abilities fall into a larger variety of separate and distinct traits than was previously supposed. When completed, the Guilford-Zimmerman Aptitude Survey will include tests of approximately 20 primary abilities. At present 7 tests are available which cover abstract intelligence, clerical aptitude, and mechanical aptitude. Reliability, validity, and intercorrelations figures for the 7 tests are given, and also a list of occupations for which it is believed each part of the Aptitude Survey is predictive. 9 references.

Strange, J. R.; Sartain, A. Q.

doi: 10.1037/h0058553pmid: N/A

850 male veterans selected at random in Dallas, Texas obtained scores on the Purdue Pegboard Test which were higher than the norms provided by the authors of the test, but approximated the norms established for women. Intercorrelations between Pegboard Placing and Assembly, and correlations between each of these and the Placing and Turning scores of the Minnesota Rate of Manipulation Test gave coefficients ranging from .33 to .59.

Wylie, Ruth C.; Wilson, Alice W.; Grove, William R.

doi: 10.1037/h0059774pmid: N/A

4 performance tests and 2 group tests were administered to 353 high school boys in Beaver Falls, Pa. for the purpose of developing high school norms on the Grove modification of the Kent-Shakow Formboard Series. By means of a special scoring procedure (explained in detail) the total weighted score is actually a standard score. A table of total scores and percentiles is given. The test appears to measure an aspect of general intelligence, but is heavily weighted with the spatial visualization factor.

Kephart, N. C.

doi: 10.1037/h0059770pmid: 18905830

Workers in the lens inspection department in an optical goods manufacturing company were given a preemployment battery of visual tests incorporated in the Ortho-Rater. Workers who remained on the job less than 4 months were more variable in vertical phoria than workers who remained more than 8 months. The total data show that individuals who deviate from ortho-phoria in either direction vertically and toward exophoria laterally are much more apt to leave the job early.

Sulzman, J. H.; Cook, E. B.; Bartlett, N. R.

doi: 10.1037/h0062761pmid: 18905831

The Maddox rod test score was used as a criterion and compared with scores on the Ortho-Rater, the Sight Screener, and the Telebinocular. The following conclusions are made: (1) no one instrument for measuring heterophoria is preferable to the other two; (2) when administered only once, none of the tests offers sufficient reliability for fine scale measurements of lateral or vertical phoria; (3) the machines offer reliabilities as great as certain accepted clinical tests; (4) no decision can be reached regarding the validity of the 3 machines since there is not a satisfactory correlation with the criterion test used.

Knauft, Edwin B.

doi: 10.1037/h0060388pmid: N/A

Using the Thurstone equal-appearing intervals technique to select and weight items, 2 forms of 2 check-list merit rating scales were devised for the purpose of evaluating personnel. The reliability of the total rating scale for 118 laundry press operators was .93. For 79 managers of bake shops, the reliability of the total scale was .88. The method is recommended because it is simple, objective, rapid, requires few directions, may be used as an over-all criterion measure, and does not require the use of an objective measure of production.

Paterson, Donald G.; Jenkins, James J.

doi: 10.1037/h0054451pmid: N/A

Although the problem of communication between management and workers has been receiving greater attention in industrial personnel literature, little has been done in communication in psychological personnel books, except in books on advertising. Practical methods for the preparation of written communications are needed. By using the Flesch method of measuring readability, an industrial form designed to provide information to job applicants is compared with a revised form prepared by the authors, using the rules of simplicity and understandability suggested by several writers. 26-item bibliography.