A Study on the Effects of 40% Oxygen on Addition Task Performance in Three Levels of Difficulty and Physiological SignalsChung, Soon-Cheol; Lee, Hang-Woon; Choi, Mi-Hyun; Tack, Gye-Rae; Lee, Bongsoo; Yi, Jeong-Han; Kim, Hyun-Jun; Lee, Beob-YI
doi: 10.1080/00207450701750455pmid: 18569150
This study investigated the effect of 40% oxygen administration on addition task performance in three levels of difficulty and physiological signals, such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate. The accuracy rates of the addition tasks were enhanced with 40% oxygen administration compared to 21% oxygen. As the difficulty level increased, the difference in the accuracy rate between 40% and 21% oxygen administration increased. When 40% concentration oxygen was supplied, blood oxygen saturation was increased and heart rate was decreased compared to that with 21% oxygen administration. A positive correlation was found between task performance and oxygen saturation level during the Task3 phase. This result suggests that 40% oxygen administration would lead to increases in addition task performance.
Postural Sway and Brain Potentials Evoked by Visual Depth StimuliKiyota, Takeo; Fujiwara, Katsuo
doi: 10.1080/00207450701769372pmid: 18569152
This study measured the postural sway and brain potentials evoked by a visual depth stimulus. Thirteen subjects maintained standing posture on a force platform, and were administered two types of depth stimuli, strong and weak. The latency and amplitude of evoked potentials as well as changes in center of foot pressure (CFP) and the electromyogram (EMG) were examined. CFP displacement was found to change according to stimulus intensity. In the occipital lobe, evoked potentials exhibited a triphasic peak, with the first positive peak at approximately 120 ms (P120), the first negative peak at approximately 160 ms (N200), and the second positive peak at approximately 260 ms (P250). Brain evoked potentials correlated with CFP displacement as well as the latency of onset of EMG response. Onset of EMG response was probably related to the P120 component, whereas CFP displacement was related to the P250 component.
Configurational Factors in the Perception of Faces and Non-Facial Objects: An ERP StudyIshizu, Tomohiro; Ayabe, Tomoaki; Kojima, Shozo
doi: 10.1080/00207450701769398pmid: 18569153
During the viewing of human faces, it is easier to recognize detailed features if the face is presented in an unusual configuration; for example, a split face. The present study used electroencephalography to investigate the brain activity elicited in response to a neutral, inverted, and split face and compared this to the activity produced in response to a non-facial stimulus (a clock). Results showed that the N170 response amplitude was larger and its latency longer during recognition of split and inverted faces as compared to a normal face, whereas no amplitude change was seen for the different clock configurations. However, for the P300 component, larger amplitudes were observed in both the face and the object condition. Taken together, the results suggest that unusual human face presentations are detected at earlier stages than unusual object presentations.
A Real-Time Emotionality Assessment (RTEA) System Based on Psycho-Physiological EvaluationChung, Soon-Cheol; Yang, Heui-Kyung
doi: 10.1080/00207450701769380pmid: 18569154
Human emotion is assessed by measuring and analyzing various physiological signals in an objective way, or by analyzing adjectives chosen by the subjects in a subjective way. The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated human emotion assessment system, which measures changes in a person's objective and subjective emotionality in real-time and analyzes them in an integrative way. The present system is composed of a real-time subjective emotionality assessment (RTSEA) system and a real-time objective emotionality assessment (RTOEA) system based on physiological signal measurement and analysis. It can be utilized individually, or can be combined as a synthetic emotionality assessment system for comprehensive emotionality assessment.
Electrophysiologic and Neuropsychologic Evaluation of Patients with Centrotemporal Spikesduman, Özgür; Kizilay, Ferah; Fettahoglu, Cigil; Ozkaynak, Sibel; Haspolat, Senay
doi: 10.1080/00207450701768929pmid: 18569156
The present study was designed to evaluate neurocognitive functions with endogenous potentials and neurophysiologic tests in patients with centrotemporal spikes who were not on any medication. Of the patients, 85.7% had seizures, 9.5% had pavor nocturnes, and 4.8% had atypical headache. The patients, especially who had atypical seizures or left-sided epileptic activity, were found to have significant visuomotor function impairment (p <.05). In P300 test, N2P3 amplitude was lower in the patients, particularly who had left sided epileptic activity (p <.05). MMN and LDN results were normal. Serial evaluations of such patients with endogenous potentials and neuropsychological tests may be helpful to show development of neurocognitive impairment.
A Longitudinal Factor Analytic Study of Children’s Neurocognitive AbilitiesTownes, Brenda D.; Rosenbaum, Gail; Martin, Michael D.; Martins, Isabel P.; Luis, Henrique; Bernardo, Mario
doi: 10.1080/00207450701768895pmid: 18569157
The neurocognitive abilities of 503 Portuguese children aged 8–11.9 years at onset of the study were assessed annually for 8 years in 3 functional domains: memory, motor and visual motor functions, and attention. A series of exploratory principal axis factor analyses, with varimax rotation, revealed seven factors: Divided Attention, Selective Attention, Verbal Learning and Recall, Visual Learning and Recall, Motor Speed, Visual-Motor Speed, and Working Memory. The same factors emerged across the 8-year period, suggesting that children's neurocognitive structures are articulated and stable throughout this period of development. From these exploratory analyses a small set of cost-effective neuropsychological tests were found to characterize children's functioning consistently throughout the 8-year period.