Euphytica

Garland, S.H.; Lewin, L.; Abedinia, M.; Henry, R.; Blakeney, A.

doi: 10.1023/a:1003688612179pmid: N/A

Ten microsatellite loci were analysed for 43 cultivars or breeding lines of rice. Polymorphism-Information-Content values ranged from 0.62 to 0.92. The microsatellite markers were found to be useful for cultivar identification and assessment of genetic relationships. Most of the cultivars could be uniquely identified by at least one microsatellite marker. Genetic heterogeneity was detected within rice samples by amplification of microsatellites from DNA extracted from multiple individual plants and also from bulked DNA preparations.

Van Creij, M.G.M.; Kerckhoffs, D.M.F.J.; Van Tuyl, J.M.

doi: 10.1023/a:1003644009572pmid: N/A

The efficiency of two embryo rescue techniques, direct ovule culture and ovary-slice culture followed by ovule culture, is studied in crosses with Tulipa gesneriana as maternal genotype. The germination percentages increased, in most cases, significantly with increasing ages of te ovary-slices and ovules at the start of the cultures. The low number of embryos recovered at early culture dates is caused by a higher rate of embryo abortion and by retarded embryo development. The germination percentages for ovary-slice culture followed by ovule culture was mostly comparable to direct ovule culture. Unique hybrids have been obtained from the crosses T. gesneriana × T. agenensis and T. gesneriana × T. praestans.

Martín, P.; Carrillo, J.M.

doi: 10.1023/a:1003648110480pmid: N/A

The allelic variation of prolamin loci was studied in three F2 progenies from three crosses between the 1BL/1RS cultivar Triana and Yécora Rojo, Pavón and Florence Aurora, cultivars without the translocation. According to the 1:2:1 theoretical proportions observed in the allelic variants of the Glu-B3/Gli-B1 loci of the parent without the translocation, the inheritance as a block of the rye chromosome arm was confirmed. A group of F3-F4 recombinant lines, developed from these crosses was evaluated using the SDS-sedimentation test and the mixograph and alveograph tests. The presence of the 1BL/1RS translocation was not associated with significantly lower grain protein content values or with the optimum mixing time in the mixograph of the genotypes. The effect of the 1BL/1RS translocation on most of the quality parameters was highly dependent on the genetic pool. Significant increases in gluten strength and better mixing properties associated with the presence of some alleles of the Glu-A1, Glu-A3/ Gli-A1 and Gli-D2 loci were detected. The additivity and the interaction of prolamin gene effects with the rye translocation in the 1BL/1RS lines and its possible use in plant breeding are discussed.

van Doorn, J.E.; van der Kruk, G.C.; van Holst, G.J.; Schoofs, M.; Broer, J.B.; de Nijs, J.J.M.

doi: 10.1023/a:1003600227319pmid: N/A

The quantitative inheritance of the sinigrin and progoitrin content of Brussels sprouts was studied at three production locations in the Netherlands. The content of sinigrin and progoitrin of 30 F1-hybrids varied between the production locations, though their ranking with respect to the content of sinigrin and progoitrin was relatively stable. Using variance analysis the broad sense heritability (i.e. the genetic contribution to total variance) was found to be 0.79 and 0.77 for sinigrin and progoitrin respectively, an indication of a high genetic component in the content of both glucosinolates in F1-hybrids. The content of sinigrin and progoitrin inherits as a proportion of the average content of the corresponding parental lines. For sinigrin and progoitrin narrow sense heritability values of respectively 0.72 and 1.09 were calculated using 150 F1-hybrids and their corresponding parental lines. The high narrow sense heritability values obtained confirm that breeding for a low content of both glucosinolates in Brussels sprouts is possible.

da Silva Dias, João Carlos

doi: 10.1023/a:1003634030835pmid: N/A

The effect of the addition of a 0.1 ml drop of activated charcoal (AC) on microspore culture embryogenesis was studied in nine morphotypes of Brassica oleracea. Embryo yields were significantly increased in all of the morphotypes by the addition of the 0.1 ml drop of AC to the microspore culture media. The magnitude of the response to the addition of AC varied with the different plants and morphotypes. The addition of AC never produced a detrimental effect. A qualitative improvement of the subsequent development of embryos to plants was also observed with the addition of AC. Data suggest that the addition of AC to microspore culture media promoted embryo production in different B. oleracea morphotypes.