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doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.551pmid: 61761
When axoplasmic transport in ganglion-cell axons is interrupted by ischaemia organelles accumulate in distended axon terminals at the edges of the infarct. This report illustrates the localized opaque swelling of nerve fibres shich develops at or near the optic disc after occlusion of the central retinal or posterior ciliary arteries. No such swelling occurs in patients who have a combined occlusion of these vessels.
Leaver, P. K.; Chester, G. H.; Saunders, S. H.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.557pmid: 974054
In 200 cases of retinal detachment successfully treated without drainage of subretinal fluid complete reattachment of the retina was achieved in the first postoperative week in 76 per cent of cases. Delay in subretinal fluid absorption in the remaining 24 per cent of cases was directly related to the duration of the retinal detachment but was not influenced by the patient's age, refractive error, or the characteristics of the detachment.
Regenbogen, L.; Romano, A.; Zuckerman, M.; Stein, R.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.561pmid: 987798
Preserved human scleral graft and histoacryl-blue tissue adhesive were used in four cases of retinal detachment surgery to obtain scleral buckling effect and to protect staphylomatous or necrotic scleral areas. The use of histoacryl produced a strong and resistant adhesion between the host and the preserved scleral patch. The postoperative inflammatory reaction was mild and disappeared within one week.
Babarik, A.; Benson, P. F.; Fensom, A. H.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.565pmid: 823960
Corneal clouding is added to the list of clinical and chemical abnormalities which occur both in GM1-generalized gangliosidosis and in Hurler's syndrome (and some other mucopolysaccharidoses). The parents of our patient were first cousin Yemeni and had partial beta-galactosidase deficiency in their leucocytes and cultured fibroblasts.
Birmingham, A. T.; Galloway, N. R.; Spencer, S. A.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.568pmid: 9970
Pilocarpine was administered into the conjunctival sac of normal volunteers by single-drop administration or by continuous infusion of a solution to the inner canthus by means of a fine Silastic tube. Using pupilloconstriction as a measure of response it was shown that infusion with a 0-01 per cent solution of pilocarpine was as effective as a single drop of 0-5 per cent pilocarpine. The response to the single drop was faster at onset. It was demonstrated that at pH 7-2 pilocarpine was more effective than at acid pH. The infusion method is simple to use, comfortable for long periods, has potential for reducing the need for frequent drop administration and for reducing the total amount of drug administered, and could be used for drugs other than pilocarpine.
Freedman, J.; Shen, E.; Ahrens, M.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.573pmid: 974055
Trabeculectomy was performed on 51 Black patients with uncontrolled glaucoma. The operation was successful in 80 per cent of cases followed-up for an average of 18 months. Success seemed to be independent of whether the superficial scleral flap was or was not sutured, although subconjunctival drainage, as indicated by the appearance of a bleb, seemed to be the predominant mechanism whereby the procedure functioned. The success rate in this series is the highest reported for glaucoma filtering procedures in Black glaucoma populations. Trabeculectomy may now be the operation of choice in uncontrolled glaucoma occurring in Black patients.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.575pmid: 974056
Using an open-loop stimulus (Maxwellian view), the direct pupillary response to light and its derivative curves (velocity and accleration of pupillary reactions) were recorded by infrared video pupillography in seven patients with myasthenia gravis and in three normal subjects. Responses before and after intravenous injection of 5 mg edrophonium hydrochloride were determined. Five of the patients had never taken anticholinesterase drugs except for diagnostic injections of edrophonium while the other two patients had been treated with oral preparations of corticosteroids. Analyses of the pupillary responses showed reduced amplitude, amximal velocity, and maximal acceleration of pupillary constriction in the myasthenic patients. On the other hand, changes in parameters of pupillary dilatation were minimal. Abnormal values returned towards normal within five minutes after edrophonium injection in all patients except in one individual who was being treated with corticosteroids at the time of examination. These results suggest that involvement of the iris sphincter may be common in patients with myasthenia gravis and this can be demonstrated by analysing the pupillary reaction and its derivative curves in response to an open-loop stimulus.
doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.8.583pmid: 974058
A 25-year-old man with a rapidly progressive metastatic carcinoid tumour arising in the mediastinum developed a metastasis to the optic nerve. This is the first instance in the literature of an ocular metastasis from this variant of carcinoid tumour. The ocular pathology, ultrastructure, and recent information on the derivation of this tumour, believed to originate in the thymus, are presented.
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