journal article
LitStream Collection
Home
Weatherly, Thomas L.; Fleisher, Thomas A.; Strong, Douglas M.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03760.xpmid: 497115
Summary. The ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with idiopathic aplastic anaemia to provide colony‐stimulating activity (CSA) was compared to that of normal controls. CSA was prepared by incubating peripheral blood mononuclear cells with phytohaemagglutinin. The supernatant derived from the latter is known as activated lymphocyte‐conditioned medium (ALCM). The CSA of ALCM in eight patients was compared to that of normals in 12 experiments. In all but one instance there was decreased CSA by patient ALCM. Possible implications of these findings are discussed.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03761.xpmid: 497116
Summary. 5‐Fluorouracil (150 mg/kg) was injected intravenously into 11‐week‐old male mice. Its effects on marrow structure over the following 9 d were assessed using light microscopic examination of semi‐thin transverse sections of decalcified humeri. The extravascular compartment became markedly depleted of cells and decreased in size, reaching a minimum on day 5 post‐treatment. Proliferating haematopoietic cells disappeared within 2 d. Post‐replicative erythrocytic cells underwent extra‐vascular phagocytosis by resident macrophages, whilst mature granulocytes continued to pass into the circulation. Repopulation was underway by day 6, and re‐expansion of the extravascular compartment by day 7 when megakaryocytes, of larger than normal average size, occupied most of the extravascular compartment. Megakaryocyte dominance gave way over days 8 and 9 as other haematopoietic cells proliferated and the extravascular compartment continued to enlarge. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to marrow micro‐circulation, egress of haematopoietic cells into the circulation, and cell proliferation in the marrow. Endotoxin, administered 4 h after 5‐fluorouracil, accelerated depletion of the marrow and recovery of haematopoiesis by about 1 d.
Wayne, A. W.; Sharp, J. C.; Joyner, M. V.; Sterndale, H.; Pulford, K. A. F.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03762.xpmid: 291438
Summary. Six cases of chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and two cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with dual populations of karyotypically normal and Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome‐positive cells are described. GTG and QF‐banding characterized the Ph1 as resulting from a 9/22 translocation in all eight cases. Four of the patients suffering from CGL presented with 100% Ph1‐positive bone marrows, and after receiving intensive chemotherapy, karyotypically normal cells were demonstrated. The other two patients with CGL showed Ph1 mosaicism at presentation. The two patients with AML exhibited Ph1 mosaicism at presentation and throughout the course of the disease. In both of these patients, a marker No. 10 chromosome was found in some of the Ph1‐positive cells and in one hyperdiploidy was observed to have developed only in the clone with the additional chromosome anomaly.
Palutke, Margarita; Tabaczka, Pamela; Varadachari, Chandra; Carrillo, Gilda
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03763.xpmid: 291439
Summary. T lymphocytes, forming sheep erythrocyte rosettes at 37°C, have been described in thymus glands, mitogen and allogeneic cell stimulated lymphocyte cultures, and acute T cell lymphoblastic leukaemia. This paper describes the finding of such lymphocytes in lymph nodes of a variety of disorders including Hodgkin's disease, Lennert's lymphoma, malignant lymphoma of large transformed T lymphocytes, immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, metastatic carcinoma, and other disorders. A large number of tonsils, but not reactive lymph nodes, also contained a significant number of those T lymphocytes. The significance of these findings in relation to interpretation of immune red cell rosettes and to the subclasses of T lymphocytes is discussed.
Lawlor, Emer; McCann, S. R.; Whelan, A.; Greally, J.; Temperley, I. J.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03764.xpmid: 291440
Summary. A case of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) occurring in a patient with untreated chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL) is presented. The diagnosis of two simultaneous leukaemic processes is based on morphological, cytochemical and immunological findings. The significance of the development of AML in patients with CLL is discussed.
Coetzer, Theresa L.; Zail, Solam S.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03765.xpmid: 40586
Summary. The membranes of erythrocytes undergoing metabolic depletion or an influx of calcium undergo several changes in structure and function. In erythrocytes incubated without substrate we find extensive cross‐linking of membrane proteins by disulphide bonding occurring after 24–48 h, involving all major membrane proteins as well as haemoglobin. Aggregates of mol wt 40 × 106 or greater are formed. These changes are partially reversible by repletion with adenosine. Rapid introduction of calcium (intracellular concentrations approximately 0.6 mm) into metabolically replete erythrocytes with the ionophore A23187 results in transgluta‐minase‐dependent cross‐linking of membrane proteins. Cellular calcium concentrations of approximately 0.3 mm have no cross‐linking effect. Cells undergoing metabolic depletion show a progressive loss of transglutaminase activity to undetec‐table levels at 12 h, so that influx of calcium into such cells cannot cause cross‐linking by a transglutaminase‐mediated reaction. These studies suggest that the metabolic state of the cell and the rate and degree of calcium influx into erythrocytes are critical factors in determining the type of membrane protein cross‐linkage.
Kaperonis, A. A.; Bertles, J. F.; Chien, S.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03766.xpmid: 40587
Summary. Individual populations of AA and SS erythrocytes were fractionated according to cell density by centrifugation, and the fractions analysed for intracellular pH (pHi), the mole ratio of 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate to haemoglobin (DPG:Hb), and cell concentration of haemoglobin (MCHC). The pHi of SS erythrocytes was consistently lower than that of AA erythrocytes throughout the density range, and the lowest pHi of both cell types (AA and SS) was found in cells with the highest density. As the highest density AA and SS erythrocytes are characterized by the lowest DPG:Hb values, their relatively low pHi cannot be ascribed to intracellular organic phosphate. Instead we propose that a redistribution of hydrogen ions across the membranes of both AA and SS erythrocytes is the ultimate result of progressive alterations in these membranes in vivo.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03767.xpmid: 497117
Summary. The rheological properties of erythrocytes were studied in 12 heterozygous and nine homozygous β thalassaemia patients, using filtration of erythrocytes through polycarbonate sieves with a pore diameter of 5 μm and viscosity measurements of erythrocyte and ghost suspensions. Erythrocyte deformability of all patients was decreased. In the heterozygous patients moderately diminished flexibility of cells was due to microcytosis of erythrocytes. Rigidity of erythrocytes in homozygous patients was due to altered cell shape, diminished fluidity of haemoglobin, and in splenectomized patients to the presence of inclusion bodies. Membrane flexibility of erythrocytes remained unaltered. We suggest that the decreased fluidity of haemoglobin as well as the presence of inclusion bodies result from the excess of α chains in erythrocytes of homozygous patients. The haemoglobin fluidity of erythrocytes of one patient with thalassaemia intermedia was unchanged. The flexibility of these cells was only moderately altered. In four patients who needed transfusions every 1–4 weeks deformability of transfused erythrocytes was likewise decreased when compared to controls. Erythrocyte suspensions obtained from the splenic artery and vein during splenectomy showed decreased flexibility of transfused cells after their passage through the spleen.
Musumeci, Salvatore; Schiliro, Gino; Pizzarelli, Giuseppe; D'Agata, Alfonsina; Fischer, Alberto; Russo, Giuseppe
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb03768.xpmid: 497118
Summary. Eight Sicilian patients with Hb H disease and their families have been studied. The standard haematological tests and the α/β chain synthesis ratios showed significantly different results in the patients with Hb H disease as compared with α thalassaemia carriers, except for Hb A2 values. There was no significant difference in the mean RBC, MCV, Hb A2, Hb A1 and Hb F of α thalassaemia carriers compared with normal controls. On the contrary significant difference was found between the mean α/β chain synthesis ratio of a thalassaemia carriers and that of the normal controls; however, the extensive overlapping of α/β values between these two conditions make this parameter insufficiently discriminant. No correlation was found between MCV, MCH, RBC and α/β chain synthesis ratio in patients with α thalassaemia trait, suggesting that the ratio cannot be used to distinguish between carriers of a mild gene (‘silent’carrier) and carriers of the more severe α thalassaemia gene. A possible genetic model for α thalassaemia in Sicily is presented.
Showing 1 to 10 of 25 Articles