Disruption of the quiescent state of blood vessels in the retina leads to aberrant vasopermeability and angiogenesis, the major causes of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy. Prolactin is expressed throughout the retina, where it is proteolytically cleaved to vasoinhibins, a family of peptides (including the 16-kDa fragment of prolactin) with potent antiangiogenic, vasoconstrictive, and antivasopermeability actions. Ocular vasoinhibins act directly on endothelial cells to block blood vessel growth and dilation and to promote apoptosis-mediated vascular regression. Also, vasoinhibins prevent retinal angiogenesis and vasopermeability associated with diabetic retinopathy, and inactivation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase via protein phosphatase 2A is among the various mechanisms mediating their actions. Here, we discuss the potential role of vasoinhibins both in the maintenance of normal retinal vasculature and in the cause and prevention of diabetic retinopathy and other vasoproliferative retinopathies. prolactin; 16K prolactin; angiogenesis inhibitors; eye; vasoproliferative retinopathies Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: C. Clapp, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Apartado Postal 1-1141, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico, 76001 (e-mail: clapp@unam.mx )
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Vasoinhibins: novel inhibitors of ocular angiogenesis
Clapp, Carmen; Thebault, Stéphanie; Arnold, Edith; García, Celina; Rivera, José Carlos; de la Escalera, Gonzalo Martínez
Follow AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism
, Volume 295 (4): E772
The American Physiological Society – Oct 1, 2008
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