Abstract Fluid and HCO 3 − secretion is a vital function of all epithelia and is required for the survival of the tissue. Aberrant fluid and HCO 3 − secretion is associated with many epithelial diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, Sjögren's syndrome, and other epithelial inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Significant progress has been made over the last 20 years in our understanding of epithelial fluid and HCO 3 − secretion, in particular by secretory glands. Fluid and HCO 3 − secretion by secretory glands is a two-step process. Acinar cells secrete isotonic fluid in which the major salt is NaCl. Subsequently, the duct modifies the volume and electrolyte composition of the fluid to absorb the Cl − and secrete HCO 3 − . The relative volume secreted by acinar and duct cells and modification of electrolyte composition of the secreted fluids varies among secretory glands to meet their physiological functions. In the pancreas, acinar cells secrete a small amount of NaCl-rich fluid, while the duct absorbs the Cl − and secretes HCO 3 − and the bulk of the fluid in the pancreatic juice. Fluid secretion appears to be driven by active HCO 3 − secretion. In the salivary glands, acinar cells secrete the bulk of the fluid in the saliva that is driven by active Cl − secretion and contains high concentrations of Na + and Cl − . The salivary glands duct absorbs both the Na + and Cl − and secretes K + and HCO 3 − . In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of fluid and HCO 3 − secretion by the pancreas and salivary glands, to highlight the similarities of the fundamental mechanisms of acinar and duct cell functions, and to point out the differences to meet gland-specific secretions. « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article doi: 10.​1152/​physrev.​00011.​2011 Physiol Rev January 2012 vol. 92 no. 1 39-74 » Abstract Free Full Text Free to you Full Text (PDF) Free to you Classifications Article Services Email this article to a friend Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Download to citation manager Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via Web of Science Google Scholar Articles by Lee, M. G. Articles by Muallem, S. PubMed Articles by Lee, M. G. Articles by Muallem, S. Related Content Load related web page information Current Issue January 2012, 92 (1) Alert me to new issues of Physiol Rev About the Journal Information for Authors Submit a Manuscript Ethical Policies AuthorChoice PubMed Central Policy Reprints and Permissions Advertising Press Copyright © 2012 the American Physiological Society Print ISSN: 0031-9333 Online ISSN: 1522-1210 var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-2924550-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview();

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