Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
J. Cornelissen, B. Cerabolini, P. Castro-Díez, P. Villar‐Salvador, G. Montserrat-Martí, J. Puyravaud, M. Maestro, M. Werger, Rien Aerts (2003)
Functional traits of woody plants: correspondence of species rankings between field adults and laboratory-grown seedlings?, 14
M. Westoby, D. Falster, A. Moles, P. Vesk, I. Wright (2002)
ECOLOGICAL STRATEGIES : Some Leading Dimensions of Variation Between Species
Bradley Butterfield (2009)
Effects of facilitation on community stability and dynamics: synthesis and future directionsJournal of Ecology, 97
F. Maestre, R. Callaway, F. Valladares, C. Lortie (2009)
Refining the stress‐gradient hypothesis for competition and facilitation in plant communitiesJournal of Ecology, 97
Author Grime (1977)
Evidence for the Existence of Three Primary Strategies in Plants and Its Relevance to Ecological and Evolutionary TheoryThe American Naturalist, 111
J. Grime (1998)
Benefits of plant diversity to ecosystems: immediate, filter and founder effectsJournal of Ecology, 86
M. Miriti (2006)
Ontogenetic shift from facilitation to competition in a desert shrubJournal of Ecology, 94
Lars Markesteijn, L. Poorter (2009)
Seedling root morphology and biomass allocation of 62 tropical tree species in relation to drought‐ and shade‐toleranceJournal of Ecology, 97
M. Holmgren, M. Scheffer, M. Huston (1997)
The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communitiesEcology, 78
J. McAuliffe (1986)
Herbivore‐Limited Establishment of a Sonoran Desert Tree, Cerciduium MicrophyllumEcology, 67
R. Macarthur, E. Wilson (1969)
The Theory of Island Biogeography
AB Nicotra, N Babicka, M Westoby (2002)
Seedling root anatomy and morphology: an examination of ecological differentiation with rainfall using phylogenetically independent contrastsOecologia, 130
B. McGill, B. Enquist, E. Weiher, M. Westoby (2006)
Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits.Trends in ecology & evolution, 21 4
A. Moles, D. Falster, M. Leishman, M. Westoby (2004)
Small‐seeded species produce more seeds per square metre of canopy per year, but not per individual per lifetimeJournal of Ecology, 92
R. Yeaton (1978)
A Cyclical Relationship Between Larrea Tridentata and Opuntia Leptocaulis in the Northern Chihuahuan DesertJournal of Ecology, 66
(NIH (2007) ImageJ v. 1.41, Bethesda, MD, USA. http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/)
NIH (2007) ImageJ v. 1.41, Bethesda, MD, USA. http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/NIH (2007) ImageJ v. 1.41, Bethesda, MD, USA. http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/, NIH (2007) ImageJ v. 1.41, Bethesda, MD, USA. http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/
H. Poorter, O. Nagel (2000)
The role of biomass allocation in the growth response of plants to different levels of light, CO2, nutrients and water : a quantitative review
A. Valiente‐Banuet, M. Verdú (2008)
Temporal shifts from facilitation to competition occur between closely related taxaJournal of Ecology, 96
M. Westoby, M. Leishman, J. Lord (1996)
Comparative ecology of seed size and dispersalPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 351
Ü. Niinemets (2001)
GLOBAL-SCALE CLIMATIC CONTROLS OF LEAF DRY MASS PER AREA, DENSITY, AND THICKNESS IN TREES AND SHRUBSEcology, 82
R. Turner, S. Alcorn, G. Olin, J. Booth (1966)
The Influence of Shade, Soil, and Water on Saguaro Seedling EstablishmentBotanical Gazette, 127
Hendrik Poorter, U. Niinemets, L. Poorter, I. Wright, R. Villar (2009)
Causes and consequences of variation in leaf mass per area (LMA): a meta-analysis.The New phytologist, 182 3
F. Valladares, Ü. Niinemets (2008)
Shade Tolerance, a Key Plant Feature of Complex Nature and ConsequencesAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 39
E. Pianka (1970)
On r- and K-SelectionThe American Naturalist, 104
J. McAuliffe (1984)
Prey refugia and the distributions of two Sonoran Desert cactiOecologia, 65
K. Niklas, Edward Cobb, Ü. Niinemets, P. Reich, A. Sellin, B. Shipley, I. Wright (2007)
“Diminishing returns” in the scaling of functional leaf traits across and within species groupsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104
T. Huxman, K. Snyder, D. Tissue, A. Leffler, K. Ogle, W. Pockman, D. Sandquist, Daniel Potts, S. Schwinning (2004)
Precipitation pulses and carbon fluxes in semiarid and arid ecosystemsOecologia, 141
I. Wright, M. Westoby (1999)
Differences in seedling growth behaviour among species: trait correlations across species, and trait shifts along nutrient compared to rainfall gradientsJournal of Ecology, 87
G. Farquhar, J. Ehleringer, K. Hubick (1989)
Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Photosynthesis, 40
W. Härdle, L. Simar (2003)
Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis
M. Westoby (1998)
A leaf-height-seed (LHS) plant ecology strategy schemePlant and Soil, 199
(2011)
Oecologia
D. Goldberg, A. Novoplansky (1997)
On the relative importance of competition in unproductive environmentsJournal of Ecology, 85
I. Wright, P. Reich, M. Westoby, D. Ackerly, Z. Baruch, F. Bongers, J. Cavender-Bares, T. Chapin, J. Cornelissen, M. Diemer, J. Flexas, E. Garnier, P. Groom, J. Gulías, K. Hikosaka, B. Lamont, Tali Lee, William Lee, C. Lusk, J. Midgley, M. Navas, Ü. Niinemets, J. Oleksyn, N. Osada, Hendrik Poorter, P. Poot, L. Prior, V. Pyankov, C. Roumet, S. Thomas, M. Tjoelker, E. Veneklaas, R. Villar (2004)
The worldwide leaf economics spectrumNature, 428
R. Callaway, R. Brooker, P. Choler, Z. Kikvidze, C. Lortie, R. Michalet, L. Paolini, F. Pugnaire, B. Newingham, Erik Aschehoug, Erik Aschehoug, C. Armas, D. Kikodze, B. Cook (2002)
Positive interactions among alpine plants increase with stressNature, 417
A. Valiente‐Banuet, E. Ezcurra (1991)
SHADE AS A CAUSE OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE CACTUS NEOBUXBAUMIA TETETZO AND THE NURSE PLANT MIMOSA LUISANA IN THE TEHUACAN VALLEY, MEXICOJournal of Ecology, 79
R. Callaway (1995)
Positive interactions among plantsThe Botanical Review, 61
W. Schuster, D. Sandquist, S. Phillips, J. Ehleringer (1992)
Comparisons of carbon isotope discrimination in populations of aridland plant species differing in lifespanOecologia, 91
Ü. Niinemets (1999)
Research review. Components of leaf dry mass per area – thickness and density – alter leaf photosynthetic capacity in reverse directions in woody plantsNew Phytologist, 144
H. Schenk, R. Jackson (2002)
Rooting depths, lateral root spreads and below‐ground/above‐ground allometries of plants in water‐limited ecosystemsJournal of Ecology, 90
J. Flores, E. Jurado (2003)
Are nurse-protégé interactions more common among plants from arid environments?, 14
MN Miriti, HE Howe, SJ Wright (1998)
Spatial patterns of mortality in a Colorado desert plant communityPlant Ecol, 136
James Coleman, K. McConnaughay, D. Ackerly (1994)
Interpreting phenotypic variation in plants.Trends in ecology & evolution, 9 5
J. Connell, R. Slatyer (1977)
Mechanisms of Succession in Natural Communities and Their Role in Community Stability and OrganizationThe American Naturalist, 111
L. Poorter (2007)
Are Species Adapted to Their Regeneration Niche, Adult Niche, or Both?The American Naturalist, 169
J. Reynolds, R. Virginia, P. Kemp, A. Soyza, D. Tremmel (1999)
Impact of drought on desert shrubs : Effects of seasonality and degree of resource island developmentEcological Monographs, 69
A. Valiente‐Banuet, Adolfo Rumebe, M. Verdú, R. Callaway (2006)
Modern Quaternary plant lineages promote diversity through facilitation of ancient Tertiary lineagesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103
M. Verdú, A. Valiente‐Banuet (2008)
The Nested Assembly of Plant Facilitation Networks Prevents Species ExtinctionsThe American Naturalist, 172
K. Tielbörger, R. Kadmon (2000)
TEMPORAL ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION TIPS THE BALANCE BETWEEN FACILITATION AND INTERFERENCE IN DESERT PLANTSEcology, 81
R. López, S. Valdivia (2007)
The importance of shrub cover for four cactus species differing in growth form in an Andean semi-desert, 18
J. McAuliffe (1988)
Markovian Dynamics of Simple and Complex Desert Plant CommunitiesThe American Naturalist, 131
P. Liancourt, R. Callaway, R. Michalet (2005)
STRESS TOLERANCE AND COMPETITIVE-RESPONSE ABILITY DETERMINE THE OUTCOME OF BIOTIC INTERACTIONSEcology, 86
L. Cavieres, E. Badano (2009)
Do facilitative interactions increase species richness at the entire community level?Journal of Ecology, 97
Bradley Butterfield, J. Betancourt, R. Turner, J. Briggs (2010)
Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert.Ecology, 91 4
J. Grime, K. Thompson, R. Hunt, J. Hodgson, J. Cornelissen, I. Rorison, G. Hendrỳ, T. Ashenden, A. Askew, S. Band, R. Booth, C. Bossard, B. Campbell, J. Cooper, A. Davison, P. Gupta, W. Hall, D. Hand, M. Hannah, S. Hillier, D. Hodkinson, A. Jalili, Z. Liu, J. Mackey, N. Matthews, M. Mowforth, A. Neal, R. Reader, K. Reiling, W. Ross-Fraser, R. Spencer, F. Sutton, D. Tasker, P. Thorpe, J. Whitehouse (1997)
Integrated screening validates primary axes of specialisation in plantsOikos, 79
R. Michalet, R. Brooker, L. Cavieres, Z. Kikvidze, C. Lortie, F. Pugnaire, A. Valiente‐Banuet, R. Callaway (2006)
Do biotic interactions shape both sides of the humped-back model of species richness in plant communities?Ecology letters, 9 7
P. Nobel (1980)
Morphology, Nurse Plants, and Minimum Apical Temperatures for Young Carnegiea giganteaBotanical Gazette, 141
A. Moles, M. Westoby (2006)
Seed size and plant strategy across the whole life cycleOikos, 113
Ü Niinemets (1999)
Components of leaf dry mass per area-thickness and density alter leaf photosynthetic capacity in reverse directions in woody plantsNew Phytol, 144
M. Bertness, R. Callaway (1994)
Positive interactions in communities.Trends in ecology & evolution, 9 5
D. Goldberg, R. Turner (1986)
Vegetation Change and Plant Demography in Permanent Plots in the Sonoran DesertEcology, 67
I. Noy‐Meir (1973)
Desert Ecosystems: Environment and ProducersAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 4
J. Arendt (1997)
Adaptive Intrinsic Growth Rates: An Integration Across TaxaThe Quarterly Review of Biology, 72
J. McAuliffe (1990)
Paloverdes, pocket mice, and bruchid beetles: interrelationships of seeds, dispersers, and seed predators.Southwestern Naturalist, 35
M Westoby, M Leishman, J Lord (1996)
Comparative ecology of seed size and dispersalPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B, 351
R. Callaway (2007)
Positive interactions and interdependence in plant communities
S. Schwinning, J. Ehleringer (2001)
Water use trade‐offs and optimal adaptations to pulse‐driven arid ecosystemsJournal of Ecology, 89
Hendrik Poorter, O. Nagel (2000)
The role of biomass allocation in the growth response of plants to different levels of light, CO2, nutrients and water: a quantitative reviewAustralian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27
David Housman, E. Naumburg, T. Huxman, T. Charlet, R. Nowak, Stanley Smith (2006)
Increases in Desert Shrub Productivity under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Vary with Water AvailabilityEcosystems, 9
J. Guerrero-Campo, A. Fitter (2001)
Relationships between root characteristics and seed size in two contrasting florasActa Oecologica-international Journal of Ecology, 22
Plant communities vary dramatically in the number and relative abundance of species that exhibit facilitative interactions, which contributes substantially to variation in community structure and dynamics. Predicting species’ responses to neighbors based on readily measurable functional traits would provide important insight into the factors that structure plant communities. We measured a suite of functional traits on seedlings of 20 species and mature plants of 54 species of shrubs from three arid biogeographic regions. We hypothesized that species with different regeneration niches—those that require nurse plants for establishment (beneficiaries) versus those that do not (colonizers)—are functionally different. Indeed, seedlings of beneficiary species had lower relative growth rates, larger seeds and final biomass, allocated biomass toward roots and height at a cost to leaf mass fraction, and constructed costly, dense leaf and root tissues relative to colonizers. Likewise at maturity, beneficiaries had larger overall size and denser leaves coupled with greater water use efficiency than colonizers. In contrast to current hypotheses that suggest beneficiaries are less “stress-tolerant” than colonizers, beneficiaries exhibited conservative functional strategies suited to persistently dry, low light conditions beneath canopies, whereas colonizers exhibited opportunistic strategies that may be advantageous in fluctuating, open microenvironments. In addition, the signature of the regeneration niche at maturity indicates that facilitation expands the range of functional diversity within plant communities at all ontogenetic stages. This study demonstrates the utility of specific functional traits for predicting species’ regeneration niches in hot deserts, and provides a framework for studying facilitation in other severe environments.
Oecologia – Springer Journals
Published: Aug 5, 2010
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.