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Beobachtungen über männliche Sterilität bei der Sonnenblume ( H. annuus ), ausgelöst durch genetische, physiologische und induzierte chemische Faktoren

Beobachtungen über männliche Sterilität bei der Sonnenblume ( H. annuus ), ausgelöst durch... 122 39 39 6 6 Prof. Dr. W. Schuster Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung der Justus-Liebig-Universität in Gießen Germany Summary 1. Male-sterile plants could be selected for several generations. These produce by sib mating (malesterile x fertile) 50% male-sterile and 50% fully fertile descendants. In two cases crossing resulted in 75% malesterile plants in F 1 . 2. Two new varieties, which had originated from a combination of breeding by self pollinations and by multiple crossings and which show earlier flowering under shorter photoperiods than do other varieties, were sawn in July 1966 and 1967. Flowering began at the end of September and in the beginning of October, there was found an 80–100% male-sterility (retrogressive antheres). Varieties which react less to short day treatment had complete fertile flowers. 3. Experiments which were started some years earlier to induce male-sterility of sun-flowers by active substances brought the following results in 1963–1967: a) Gibberellic acid treatment (0.5–0.25 mg/plant) applied at the beginning of bud formation, induced malesterility. In this way it is possible to produce small quantities of hybrid seed and to test topcrosses. b) Some combinations of gibberellic acid with other active substances, e.g. 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.25 mg TJBS, 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.1 mg NES, 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.1 mg IES and 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.5 mg CCC induced malesterility but permitted sufficient female fertility. c) At a male-sterility of 90–100% total average fertility of 10 plants was only 25–75%. In treating 87 plants of the inbred line ‘HEBH’ a production of kernels ranging from 0 to 86% was found, 39% on the average, that is 202 kernels/flower, as compared to 90% for untreated plants. d) Varieties and inbred lines show different reactions to the treatment. There are also marked differences in effects of active substances under different climatic conditions, which makes the practical application of treatments difficult. It therefore becomes necessary to test different varieties for reaction to active substances or to combinations of these substances under different climatic conditions. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics Springer Journals

Beobachtungen über männliche Sterilität bei der Sonnenblume ( H. annuus ), ausgelöst durch genetische, physiologische und induzierte chemische Faktoren

TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics , Volume 39 (6) – Jan 1, 1969

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References (16)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 1969 by Springer-Verlag
Subject
Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Agriculture; Biochemistry, general; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Sciences; Plant Genetics & Genomics
ISSN
0040-5752
eISSN
1432-2242
DOI
10.1007/BF00275008
pmid
24435520
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

122 39 39 6 6 Prof. Dr. W. Schuster Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung der Justus-Liebig-Universität in Gießen Germany Summary 1. Male-sterile plants could be selected for several generations. These produce by sib mating (malesterile x fertile) 50% male-sterile and 50% fully fertile descendants. In two cases crossing resulted in 75% malesterile plants in F 1 . 2. Two new varieties, which had originated from a combination of breeding by self pollinations and by multiple crossings and which show earlier flowering under shorter photoperiods than do other varieties, were sawn in July 1966 and 1967. Flowering began at the end of September and in the beginning of October, there was found an 80–100% male-sterility (retrogressive antheres). Varieties which react less to short day treatment had complete fertile flowers. 3. Experiments which were started some years earlier to induce male-sterility of sun-flowers by active substances brought the following results in 1963–1967: a) Gibberellic acid treatment (0.5–0.25 mg/plant) applied at the beginning of bud formation, induced malesterility. In this way it is possible to produce small quantities of hybrid seed and to test topcrosses. b) Some combinations of gibberellic acid with other active substances, e.g. 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.25 mg TJBS, 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.1 mg NES, 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.1 mg IES and 0.25 mg gibb. ac. + 0.5 mg CCC induced malesterility but permitted sufficient female fertility. c) At a male-sterility of 90–100% total average fertility of 10 plants was only 25–75%. In treating 87 plants of the inbred line ‘HEBH’ a production of kernels ranging from 0 to 86% was found, 39% on the average, that is 202 kernels/flower, as compared to 90% for untreated plants. d) Varieties and inbred lines show different reactions to the treatment. There are also marked differences in effects of active substances under different climatic conditions, which makes the practical application of treatments difficult. It therefore becomes necessary to test different varieties for reaction to active substances or to combinations of these substances under different climatic conditions.

Journal

TAG Theoretical and Applied GeneticsSpringer Journals

Published: Jan 1, 1969

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