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of the about the between, part paper speculates interplay respec- and of and crime rates in the Netherlands. tively, certainty severity punishment The source for the of in Dutch crime and major description ...
, be partitioned in terms of severity and certainty of punishment ; certainty of punishment can then be partitioned, seriatim, in terms of the incarceration rate , the conviction rate , and the arrest or clearance rate ...
on raising the perceived costs of hijacking by increasing the severity of punishment . We also assess which strategies were most effective in deterring hijackers whose major purpose was related to terrorism. We ...
WorldCat COPAC Antunes George , Hunt A. Lee 1973 . “The Impact of Certainty and Severity of Punishment on Levels of Crime in American States: An Extended Analysis,” Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 64 ...
province-specific characteristics and year-specific effects. Furthermore, we include a time trend variable to control for the exogenous increase in crime rates . All variables are logged except for dummy ...
of a decision adopted, that included the following categories defined with yes/no attributes: decision including reasoning, agreement on crime and punishment , criminal order, declaration of guilt by the defendant ...
and behavior and the lack of truly famous public scholars may be at play. But some elements of knowledge, for instance that certainty of punishment is more important than severity of punishment , are abundantly ...
believes they are certain to be punished for engaging in the behaviour ( punishment certainty ) and if the punishment is considered to outweigh the benefits of the behaviour ( punishment severity ; Bartollas ...
also show that these programmes perform better in terms of prosecution and conviction rates when the heads of the criminal organisations are punished more severely by the judicial system, when ...
groups of offenders. Homicide has been entirely discounted for several reasons. First, because murder was regarded as the very worst of crimes , the execution rate for it was consistently higher than ...
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