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ARTICLE Effect of Gestational and Passive Smoke Exposure on Ear Infections in Children Judith E. C. Lieu, MD; Alvan R. Feinstein, MD† Objective: To estimate the relative risk for otitis me ...
and increased incidence of child- lifetime was increased with (>6 episodes) significantly It been with combined and hood asthma. has also associated depres- gestational passive exposure (adjusted other risk ...
may harm children more than adults because children do not have fully developed immune systems [8]. Passive smoking increases the risk of LRTI, asthma, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, middle ear infection ...
in Shenqiu county in the Huai River Basin. The heavy metal exposure situation of the investigated population had serious effects in terms of reproductive defects in children. The specific link between newborn ...
of passively acquired maternal antibodies that provide effective defense against infections and other antigenic stimuli. The prenatal development of mucosal immune structures will be briefly covered ...
smoke and breast cancer (4). Second-hand smoke (or passive smoking ) involves involuntary exposures to environmental cigarette smoke (ECS), which is a mixture of sidestream cigarette smoke and mainstream ...
level, passive smoking exposure , day care attendance, and infant feeding methods. The questionnaires also addressed family history of OM (≥3 episodes of OM in a 12-month period, tympanostomy tubes ...
sniffing, and exposure to smoking at home.In our cohort, either these factors were equal at baseline or their effect on recurrent OME could not be confirmed in the multivariate analyses.Our study results ...
cessation intervention were 2.47-fold less likely to smoke at the end of gestation (80). The odds ratio for the effect of smoking cessation interventions on low birth weight was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.88 ...
%–14% of children at the age of 3 suffer from wheeze or eczema [10]. Maternal risk factors for allergies have been reported by some studies; these include maternal gestational smoking , maternal stressful ...
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