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The cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1-CAM) plays critical roles in neurite growth. Its cytoplasmic domain (L1CD) binds to ankyrins that associate with the spectrin–actin network. This paper demonstrates that L1-CAM interactions with ankyrin B (but not with ankyrin G ) are involved in the initial formation of neurites. In the membranous protrusions surrounding the soma before neuritogenesis, filamentous actin (F-actin) and ankyrin B continuously move toward the soma (retrograde flow). Bead-tracking experiments show that ankyrin B mediates L1-CAM coupling with retrograde F-actin flow in these perisomatic structures. Ligation of the L1-CAM ectodomain by an immobile substrate induces L1CD–ankyrin B binding and the formation of stationary ankyrin B clusters. Neurite initiation preferentially occurs at the site of these clusters. In contrast, ankyrin B is involved neither in L1-CAM coupling with F-actin flow in growth cones nor in L1-based neurite elongation. Our results indicate that ankyrin B promotes neurite initiation by acting as a component of the clutch module that transmits traction force generated by F-actin flow to the extracellular substrate via L1-CAM. ankyrin; L1-CAM; adhesion; neurite; clutch Footnotes The online version of this article includes supplemental material. Abbreviations used in this paper: CAM, cell adhesion molecule; DIC, differential interference contrast; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; FRET, fluorescent resonance energy transfer; FRET E , FRET efficiency; L1-CAM, cell adhesion molecule L1; L1CD, L1-CAM cytoplasmic domain; L1ED, L1-CAM extracellular domain. Submitted: 10 March 2003 Accepted: 15 October 2003
The Journal of Cell Biology – Rockefeller University Press
Published: Dec 8, 2003
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