From Science to Action in One Easy Step
Abstract
<p> T HE tension between research on genetic individual differences and the ideal of social equality has never been more acute. Writers of diverse political persuasions are exploring the interface between science and politics (e.g., Dobzhansky, Herrnstein, Jensen, and Kamin). The major questions are: What do we know about genetic differences in behavior? And what, if any, social action should follow from that knowledge?</p><p>The reader will recognize that the first question requires scientific evaluation, while the second involves our political views of justice and morality. Previous entrants into the debate on genetic differences and political equality have reached three different conclusions: (1) since biological differences do not exist, observed inequalities in human behavior result entirely from sociopolitical inequities (Kamin); (2) biological diversity is a creative force in human societies and itself the source of our concern with social justice (Dobzhansky); and (3) genetic inequalities have direct implications for social action, within the bounds of social justice (Jensen, Herrnstein). Eysenck subscribes to the last view.</p><p>Eysenck's stated purpose in this volume is to evaluate what knowledge in psychology, genetics, and physiology can contribute to decisions on social policy. He believes that many opportunities and a great deal of money have