In 2 experiments with a total of 188 undergraduates, food words were considered as conditioned stimuli that elicit an appetitive emotional response. The emotional response-according to the 2-process, 3-stimulus-function learning theory involved-should be capable of mediating instrumental behavior toward the words. Motivational principles elaborated in the context of the 3-function theory predicted that Ss deprived of food would learn to respond more quickly with an approach instrumental response to food words than would deprived Ss whose task was to make an avoidant response. Moreover, this difference should be of a lesser magnitude with nondeprived Ss. In addition, in Exp II it was predicted that food-deprived Ss would learn to make an approach response to food words with less latency than nondeprived Ss. These expectations were supported. The findings contribute to the specification of motivational characteristics for the construct of a mediating emotional response (or state) in 2-process learning studies (e.g., transfer of control and auto shaping), and suggest a means for integrating relevant animal and human research. (24 ref)
Motivation and the three-function learning: Food deprivation and approach-avoidance to food words
Abstract
In 2 experiments with a total of 188 undergraduates, food words were considered as conditioned stimuli that elicit an appetitive emotional response. The emotional response-according to the 2-process, 3-stimulus-function learning theory involved-should be capable of mediating instrumental behavior toward the words. Motivational principles elaborated in the context of the 3-function theory predicted that Ss deprived of food would learn to respond more quickly with an approach instrumental response to food words than would deprived Ss whose task was to make an avoidant response. Moreover, this difference should be of a lesser magnitude with nondeprived Ss. In addition, in Exp II it was predicted that food-deprived Ss would learn to make an approach response to food words with less latency than nondeprived Ss. These expectations were supported. The findings contribute to the specification of motivational characteristics for the construct of a mediating emotional response (or state) in 2-process learning studies (e.g., transfer of control and auto shaping), and suggest a means for integrating relevant animal and human research. (24 ref)Preview Only. This article cannot be rented because we do not currently have permission from the publisher.
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Motivation and the three-function learning: Food deprivation and approach-avoidance to food words
Staats, Arthur W.; Warren, Don R.
Follow Journal of Experimental Psychology
, Volume 103 (6): 1191
PsycARTICLES® – Dec 1, 1974
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