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The Electrochemical Basis of Odor Transduction in Vertebrate Olfactory Cilia

The Electrochemical Basis of Odor Transduction in Vertebrate Olfactory Cilia Most vertebrate olfactory receptor neurons share a common G-proteincoupled pathway for transducing the binding of odorant into depolarization. The depolarization involves 2 currents: an influx of cations (including Ca2) through cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and a secondary efflux of Cl through Ca2-gated Cl channels. The relation between stimulus strength and receptor current shows positive cooperativity that is attributed to the channel properties. This cooperativity amplifies the responses to sufficiently strong stimuli but reduces sensitivity and dynamic range. The odor response is transient, and prolonged or repeated stimulation causes adaptation and desensitization. At least 10 mechanisms may contribute to termination of the response; several of these result from an increase in intraciliary Ca2. It is not known to what extent regulation of ionic concentrations in the cilium depends on the dendrite and soma. Although many of the major mechanisms have been identified, odor transduction is not well understood at a quantitative level. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Chemical Senses Oxford University Press

The Electrochemical Basis of Odor Transduction in Vertebrate Olfactory Cilia

Kleene, Steven J.
Chemical Senses , Volume 33 (9) – Aug 14, 2008
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References (233)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
ISSN
0379-864X
eISSN
1464-3553
DOI
10.1093/chemse/bjn048
pmid
18703537
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Most vertebrate olfactory receptor neurons share a common G-proteincoupled pathway for transducing the binding of odorant into depolarization. The depolarization involves 2 currents: an influx of cations (including Ca2) through cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and a secondary efflux of Cl through Ca2-gated Cl channels. The relation between stimulus strength and receptor current shows positive cooperativity that is attributed to the channel properties. This cooperativity amplifies the responses to sufficiently strong stimuli but reduces sensitivity and dynamic range. The odor response is transient, and prolonged or repeated stimulation causes adaptation and desensitization. At least 10 mechanisms may contribute to termination of the response; several of these result from an increase in intraciliary Ca2. It is not known to what extent regulation of ionic concentrations in the cilium depends on the dendrite and soma. Although many of the major mechanisms have been identified, odor transduction is not well understood at a quantitative level.

Journal

Chemical Senses – Oxford University Press

Published: Aug 14, 2008

Keywords: adaptation chloride channels cyclic-nucleotide-gated channels desensitization olfaction

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