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Glucosinolates (GL) can inhibit, retard or reverse experimental multistage carcinogenesis. When brassica plant tissue is broken, GLs are hydrolyzed by the endogenous enzyme myrosinase (Myr), releasing many products including isothiocyanates (ITC). Synthetic ITCs like sulforaphane exert chemopreventive effects against chemically induced tumors in animals, modulating enzymes required for carcinogens' activation/detoxification and/or the induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cell lines. To investigate the chemopreventive potential of ITCs while reproducing the circumstances of dietary contact with sulforaphane, we studied proliferation, apoptosis induction and p53, bcl-2 and bax protein expression in Jurkat T-leukemia cells by sulforaphane, the ITC generated in situ in a quantitative manner by Myr starting from glucoraphanin (GRA). Jurkat cells were treated with different doses of GRA–Myr mixture. Effects on cell growth or survival were evaluated by counting trypan blue-excluding cells. Cell-cycle progression, apoptosis and expression of p53, bax and bcl-2 proteins were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results were analyzed by two-sided Fisher's exact test. Sulforaphane, but not GRA, caused G 2 /M-phase arrest ( P = 0.028) and increase of apoptotic cell fraction ( P < 0.0001) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Necrosis was observed after prolonged exposure to elevated sulforaphane doses. Moreover, it markedly increased p53 and bax protein expression, and slightly affected bcl-2 expression. These findings indicate that sulforaphane but not the native GL GRA can exert both protective and toxic effects inhibiting leukemic cell growth. Sulforaphane therefore deserves study as a potential chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic antileukemic agent. Key words EB, ethidium bromide FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate FSC, forward scatter GL, glucosinolate GRA, glucoraphanin GSH, Glutathione ITC, isothiocyanate Myr, myrosinase PI, propidium iodide SSC, side scatter. © Oxford University Press « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article Carcinogenesis (2002) 23 (4): 581-586. doi: 10.1093/carcin/23.4.581 » Abstract Free Full Text (HTML) Free Full Text (PDF) Free Classifications Molecular Epidemiology Services Article metrics Alert me when cited Alert me if corrected Find similar articles Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Add to my archive Download citation Request Permissions Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via CrossRef Citing articles via Scopus Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Fimognari, C. Articles by Hrelia, P. Search for related content PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Fimognari, C. 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Carcinogenesis – Oxford University Press
Published: Apr 1, 2002
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