Journal of Vestibular Research 11 (2001/2002) 311-340 IOS Press N1.1 Micro-gravity and artificial gravity: Two challenges to neuro-vestibular adaptation Laurence R. Young Man-Vehicle Laboratory, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, MA Among the most intriguing characteristics of the vestibular system is its ability to adapt to altered environments. To an engineer originally interested in automatic control, guidance, and navigation, the versatility and rapidity of neuro-vestibular adaptation has been nothing short of amazing. Dancers and pilots appropriately shorten their post rotatory nystagmus and motion sensation. Sailors adapt to the frequency of their own shipâs motion, only to experience motion sickness in another boat or on the dock. The ability of patients to recover from hemilabyrinthectomy as well as the use of neck reflexes to augment vestibular responses represents only a beginning of adaptation. Modification of the gain, the phase, and even the direction of the vestibulo-ocular reflex according to the requirements for visual stabilization is a further marvel. The discovery of context-specific adaptation of the VOR, first noted with magnifying spectacles and then with bifocals is another watershed. And, more recently, with exposure of astronauts to weightlessness and to the return to earth we have seen a measure
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6th NASA Symposium on The Role of the Vestibular Organs in the Exploration of Space
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, Volume 11 (3)
IOS Press – Jan 1, 2002
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