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researchers cannot directly measure a variable of interest (Pearl 2000; Bareinboim and Pearl 2012). Another advantage is in identifying conditioning sets: which variables to control for in an analysis. Standard ...
of various risk factors related to human error in crane operations , insights and opinions from experts in this field were sought. When reliable and precise numerical data were unavailable, linguistic variables ...
further. Methodology We genotyped one polymorphism in each of seven genes (IL1A, IL1RN, IL4RN, IL6, HP, HPR, and HLA-G) in 73 cases and 250 controls collected from 19 ethno- linguistic subgroups stratified ...
-group, randomised controlled feasibility trial with equal group allocation. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statement with extension to pilot trials was followed during study ...
to operate . Importantly, it can capture numerical values and clinical notes and transform them into accessible variables , allowing for big-data analyses. The data extraction process has four distinct phases ...
controller was employed to link the seven input state variables using some linguistic rules to predict (deterministically) the change in three output state variables (Fig 3). The seven input variables include ...
of operation is a strong determinant of behaviour in the laboratory as well, even in advanced L2 speakers (Athanasopoulos et al. 2015; Bylund and Athanasopoulos 2017). This example illustrates that L2 knowledge ...
loneliness and state loneliness may “get under the skin” to impact cardiovascular physiology. Methods In a controlled laboratory setting, vagally mediated resting heart rate variability (HRV), HRV reactivity ...
controlled trial aims to estimate the effects of the pre- and post- operative interventions compared to attentional control and treatment as usual (TAU) and will also include a qualitative process evaluation ...
behaviours may radically change the nature of the mechanisms underlying motor control of speech is found in the observation of their powerful efficacy as a temporary fluency enhancer for people who stutter ...
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