Science fraud: from patchwork mouse to patchwork data Gerald Weissmann, Editor-in-Chief Summerlin pulled two white mice from the container. While they wriggled and squeaked in protest, he inspected the sites of the black skin grafts. Impulsively, Summerlin took his felt-tipped pen out of the breast pocket of his white coat and applied it briefly to the grafted patches on the two white animals. The ink made them look darker. Then he replaced the mice in the bin and strode out ... From The Patchwork Mouse , an account of William T. Summerlin’s 1974 false claim of skin transplantation without immunosuppression (1) . Fraud was so much simpler a generation ago. All one had to do was to take a felt-tipped pen and color a square patch of mouse skin. The incriminating patchwork was also easy to detect. Summerlin’s faked "transplants" were discovered by a laboratory assistant who washed off the black ink with a ball of cotton soaked in a little alcohol. Yet the scandal and its upshot in 1974 were just as great as those aroused by the more complex frauds of today. The patchwork incident was described by Jane Brody in The New York Times as
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