J. D. Bernal: The Sage of Science by Andrew Brown (2006), Oxford University Press Jan A. Witkowski 1 Banbury Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA 1 Correspondence: Banbury Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, P. O. Box 534, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA. E-mail: banbury@cshl.edu IN BRITAIN , from the 1920s through the 1940s, and perhaps a little longer, there were many scientists who believed that science should be pursued not only for the knowledge that it brings of the world around us, but also that that knowledge should be put to use in promoting the well-being of society. And by society they meant not the elite—members of the professions, academia or politics—but the working class. Most notable among these socialist-scientists were J. B. S. Haldane, J. D. Bernal, Joseph Needham, Lancelot Hogben, and Hyman Levy. They came from different backgrounds, ranging from Haldane whose father was an eminent physiologist, to Levy who grew up in the slums of Edinburgh, but all became Professors, and four were elected Fellows of the Royal Society of London (Levy was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh). Yet despite their acceptance of the highest honors
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