ABSTRACT Key Words: ACTH GPCR The pituitary hormone adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) is the principal regulator of adrenal steroidogenesis and is essential for life. ACTH acts through a cell surface Gprotein-coupled receptor (GPCR) to stimulate the intracellular production of cAMP by activating adenylate cyclase (1). The ACTH receptor is a member of the melanocortin receptor subtype and is known as the melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) (2). MC2R is expressed primarily in the adrenal cortex (2â 4) although lower levels of expression are present in adipose tissue (5), pituitary (6), skin (7), and sympathetic ganglia (8). Although the major role of ACTH in the adrenal is to stimulate steroidogenesis, a function that appears to be largely dependent on its ability to stimulate cAMP generation, additional signaling functions of this recep0892-6638/07/0021-4095 © FASEB tor also exist but remain less well deï¬ned. These include a number of observations on its ability to stimulate calcium inï¬ux, which may have a synergistic effect with cAMP on steroidogenesis (9 â13). ACTH may also stimulate arachidonic acid metabolism (14) and activate protein kinase C (15) in addition to effects in certain models on MAP kinase activation (16). The inï¬uence of ACTH on adrenal cell growth is also
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Interaction of the melanocortin 2 receptor with nucleoporin 50: evidence for a novel pathway between a G-protein-coupled receptor and the nucleus
Marina Doufexis , Helen L. Storr , Peter J. King , and Adrian J. L. Clark
Follow The FASEB Journal
, Volume 21 (14): 4095
Fed of American Socs for Experimental Biology – Dec 1, 2007
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