ABSTRACT Energy deprivation poses a tremendous challenge to skeletal muscle. Glucose (ATP) depletion causes muscle ï¬bers to undergo rapid adaptive changes toward the use of fatty acids (instead of glucose) as fuel. Physiological situations involving energy deprivation in skeletal muscle include exercise and fasting. A vast body of evidence is available on the signaling pathways that lead to structural/metabolic changes in muscle during exercise and endurance training. In contrast, only recently has a systematic, overall picture been obtained of the signaling processes (and their kinetics and sequential order) that lead to adaptations of the muscle to the fasting state. It has become clear that the reaction of the organism to food restraint or deprivation involves a rapid signaling process causing skeletal muscles, which generally use glucose as their predominant fuel, to switch to the use of fat as fuel. Efï¬cient sensing of glucose depletion in skeletal muscle guarantees maintained activity in those tissues that rely entirely on glucose (such as the brain). To metabolize fatty acids, skeletal muscle needs to activate complex transcription, translation, and phosphorylation pathways. Only recently has it become clear that these pathways are interrelated and tightly regulated in a rapid, transient manner. Food deprivation
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Fuel economy in food-deprived skeletal muscle: signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms
Pieter de Lange , Maria Moreno , Elena Silvestri , Assunta Lombardi , Fernando Goglia , and Antonia Lanni
Follow The FASEB Journal
, Volume 21 (13): 3431
Fed of American Socs for Experimental Biology – Nov 1, 2007
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