Circulating monocytic cells infiltrate layers of anterograde axonal degeneration where they transform into microglia Ingo Bechmann * ,1 , Jana Goldmann * , Adam D. Kovac * , Erik Kwidzinski * , Eva Simbürger † , Frederick Naftolin ‡ , Ulrich Dirnagl § , Robert Nitsch * and Josef Priller § ,|| * Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany; † Advanced Imaging Microscopy, Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH Division, Jena, Germany; ‡ Department OB/GYN, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; and § Departments of Neurology and || Psychiatry, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany 1 Correspondence: Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology & Neurobiology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin 10098, Germany. E-mail: ingo.bechmann@charite.de <h3>SPECIFIC AIMS</h3> Lesion-induced anterograde (Wallerian) degeneration of axons within the central nervous system (CNS) leads to rapid recruitment of cells that are immune-positive for markers of the monocyte lineage and which had been previously regarded to represent exclusively intrinsic microglia. We tested this view using entorhinal cortex lesion (ECL) to induce lamina-specific axonal degeneration in the dentate gyrus of mice grafted with GFP-transduced bone marrow and nonchimeric animals intrasplenically injected with the cell tracker CFDA, both allowing for clear-cut detection of blood-derived
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