Calcineurin-dependent cardiomyopathy is activated by TRPC in the adult mouse heart Hiroyuki Nakayama * , Benjamin J. Wilkin * , Ilona Bodi † and Jeffery D. Molkentin * ,1 * Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; and † Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA 1 Correspondence: Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. E-mail: jeff.molkentin@cchmc.org The manner in which Ca 2+ -sensitive signaling proteins are activated in contracting cardiomyocytes is an intriguing theoretical problem given that the cytoplasm is continually bathed with systolic Ca 2+ concentrations that should maximally activate most Ca 2+ -sensitive signaling kinases and phosphatases. Store-operated Ca 2+ entry, partially attributed to transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins, can mediate activation of the Ca 2+ -sensitive phosphatase calcineurin in nonexcitable cells. Here we investigated the gain-of-function phenotype associated with TRPC3 expression in the mouse heart using transgenesis to examine the potential role of store-operated Ca 2+ entry in regulating cardiac calcineurin activation and ensuing hypertrophy/myopathy. Adult myocytes isolated from TRPC3 transgenic mice showed abundant store-operated Ca 2+ entry that was inhibited with SKF96365 but not verapamil or KB-R7943. Associated with this induction in store-operated Ca 2+ entry, TRPC3 transgenic mice showed increased calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation in vivo , cardiomyopathy, and increased hypertrophy after neuroendocrine agonist or pressure overload stimulation. The cardiomyopathic phenotype and increased hypertrophy after pressure overload stimulation were blocked by targeted disruption of the calcineurin A ß gene. Thus, enhanced store-operated Ca 2+ entry in the heart can regulate calcineurin-NFAT signaling in vivo , which could secondarily impact the hypertrophic response and cardiomyopathy.—Nakayama, H., Wilkin, B. J., Bodi, I., Molkentin, J. D. Calcineurin-dependent cardiomyopathy is activated by TRPC in the adult mouse heart. Key Words: signaling • calcium • store-operated • NFAT
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