Arab science in the golden age (750–1258 C.E.) and today Matthew E. Falagas * ,† ,1 , Effie A. Zarkadoulia * and George Samonis ‡ * Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), Athens, Greece; † Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and ‡ Department of Medicine, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece 1 Correspondence: Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos St., Marousi 15123, Greece. E-mail: m.falagas@aibs.gr THE ARAB WORLD COVERS a vast geographic area, comprising many different countries in Asia and Africa. The contemporary world owes much of its progress in all fields of human intellectual activity, including medicine, to Arabic culture, especially the advancements made during the Golden Age of Arabic-Islamic science (8th to 13th centuries C.E.). The glorious historic background of the Arabic world permits us to identify the debt that humanity owes to the Golden Age of Arabic science and to evaluate the research contributions made by Arab countries to biomedical sciences in our own day. <h3>THE GOLDEN AGE OF ARAB SCIENCE</h3> The biomedical sciences of the Arabic-Islamic world underwent remarkable development during the 8th to 13th centuries C.E., a flowering of knowledge and intellect that
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