Activation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1P5 inhibits oligodendrocyte progenitor migration Alexander S. Novgorodov † , Mazen El-Alwani ‡ , Jacek Bielawski § , Lina M. Obeid * ,‡ and Tatyana I. Gudz * ,† ,1 * Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the Departments of † Neuroscience, ‡ Medicine and § Biochemistry of Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA 1 Correspondence: Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, 114 Doughty St. Charleston, SC 29425, USA. E-mail: gudz@musc.edu Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) acts as an extracellular ligand for a family of G-protein coupled receptors that are crucial in cell migration. S1P5 is exclusively expressed in oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which migrate considerable distances during brain development. The current studies suggest a physiological role for S1P and S1P5 in regulation of OPC migration. mRNA expression levels of S1P2 and S1P5 are comparable in OPCs, but S1P binding specifically to the S1P5 receptor blocked OPC migration (IC 50 =29 nM). Thus, knocking down S1P5 using siRNA prevented the S1P-induced decrease in OPC migration, whereas knocking down S1P2 did not have any effect. S1P-induced modulation of OPC migration was insensitive to pertussis toxin, suggesting that S1P5-initiated signaling is not mediated by the Gα i -protein coupled pathway. Furthermore, S1P5 appears to engage the Gα 12/13 protein coupled Rho/ROCK signaling pathway to impede OPC migration. To modulate OPC motility, extracellular S1P could be derived from the export of intracellular S1P generated in response to glutamate treatment of OPCs. These studies suggest that S1P could be a part of the neuron-oligodendroglial communication network regulating OPC migration and may provide directional guidance cues for migrating OPCs in the developing brain.—Novgorodov, A. S., El-Alwani, M., Bielawski, J., Obeid, L. M., Gudz, T. I. Activation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1P5 inhibits oligodendrocyte progenitor migration. Key Words: brain development • S1P2 receptor • FTY720 • directional guidance cue
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Activation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1P5 inhibits oligodendrocyte progenitor migration
Novgorodov, Alexander S.; El-Alwani, Mazen; Bielawski, Jacek; Obeid, Lina M.; Gudz, Tatyana I.
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, Volume 21 (7): 1503
Fed of American Socs for Experimental Biology – May 1, 2007
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