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the low-energy tail of the electron beam . I. INTRODUCTIONProgress in the technology of short-pulse laser amplification has made it possible for laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) to generate ...
uncovered, new plasma jet sources conceived, and new applications developed. Examples include the observations of plasma bullets on a nanosecond scale [16], the similarity of plasma bullets to streamers [17 ...
femtosecond laser ablation inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This work reviews the surface structuring and micromachining applications of femtosecond laser. The work reported in [21], compares ...
of these electrons is used to generate intense beams of photons or ‘light’ ranging in energies from infrared to X-rays, at very high intensities not obtainable from conventional sources (Kim 1989). There are currently ...
for research utilizing high-penetration thickness of electron beam , in situ observation, or irradiation effects by the particle characteristics of electrons . In this review , the importance of non-equilibrium ...
time of the serial X-ray beam shoot. However, time-resolved crystallography has entered a new era during the past decade. The development of X-ray free- electron laser has become more applicable ...
, these methods lead to high time and space requirements in terms of the input sequence lengths [21, 22], which severely limits their applicability . Hence, proposing a superior method in terms of speed, accuracy ...
of electronic structure in nanoscale systems, this element of design is becoming possible via precise control of nanoparticles’ composition, morphology, structure and electronic states. At the same time ...
direct band gap ideal for exploring optoelectronic applications ; the intriguing physics associated with spin and valley pseudospin of carriers which implies potentials for novel electronics based ...
outside the optical. In 1931, Karl Jansky made his pioneering measurements of radio noise from the Milky Way at frequencies around 20 MHz, and the electronic developments in the second world war ...
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