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Prototypes, Schemas, and cross-category correspondences: the case of ask

Prototypes, Schemas, and cross-category correspondences: the case of ask This paper addresses problems of categorization via a study of the meanings and selected lexicosyntactic frames of the verb ask. On the basis of a large data base, it is found that ask covers two interrelated categories, one of which extends into noncommunicative domains. To capture the emerging network of relationships and the fact that both categories are prototypebased, a framework reconciling prototype effects with categorization by schema is required. This requirement is met by the schematic network model. Its application, together with a brief survey of the verb's history, also provides insight into the mechanism of category extension. On the other hand, an examination of the frames in which ask can occur sheds light on the basis for combining members of different categories. In the course of the discussion other general issues are raised, regarding, for example, the role of prototypical concepts in assessing category membership, the notion of category boundary, and the relation of illocutionary verbs to illocutionary acts. Introduction Ever since the publication of Eleanor Rosch's findings in the early 1970s, it has become increasingly apparent that there is more to human categorization than meets the eye -- particularly the classically oriented eye (see Lakoff http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Linguistics - An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences de Gruyter

Prototypes, Schemas, and cross-category correspondences: the case of ask

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Publisher
de Gruyter
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 Walter de Gruyter
ISSN
0024-3949
eISSN
1613-396X
DOI
10.1515/ling.1989.27.4.613
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

This paper addresses problems of categorization via a study of the meanings and selected lexicosyntactic frames of the verb ask. On the basis of a large data base, it is found that ask covers two interrelated categories, one of which extends into noncommunicative domains. To capture the emerging network of relationships and the fact that both categories are prototypebased, a framework reconciling prototype effects with categorization by schema is required. This requirement is met by the schematic network model. Its application, together with a brief survey of the verb's history, also provides insight into the mechanism of category extension. On the other hand, an examination of the frames in which ask can occur sheds light on the basis for combining members of different categories. In the course of the discussion other general issues are raised, regarding, for example, the role of prototypical concepts in assessing category membership, the notion of category boundary, and the relation of illocutionary verbs to illocutionary acts. Introduction Ever since the publication of Eleanor Rosch's findings in the early 1970s, it has become increasingly apparent that there is more to human categorization than meets the eye -- particularly the classically oriented eye (see Lakoff

Journal

Linguistics - An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciencesde Gruyter

Published: Jan 1, 1989

References