What Is a Classi er System? A gentle introduction to accuracy-based classi er systems such as XCS Stewart W. Wilson, Prediction Dynamics, USA, wilson@prediction-dynamics.com A learning classi er system (LCS) is an adaptive system that learns to perform the best action given its input. By best is generally meant the action that will receive the most reward or reinforcement from the system s environment. By input is meant the environment as sensed by the system, usually a vector of numerical values. The set of available actions depends on the system context: if the system is a mobile robot, the available actions may be physical: turn left , turn right , etc. In a classi cation context, the available actions may be yes , no , or benign , malignant , etc. In a decision context, for instance a nancial one, the actions might be buy , sell , etc. In general, an LCS is a simple model of an intelligent agent interacting with an environment. An LCS is adaptive in the sense that its ability to choose the best action improves with experience. The source of the improvement is reinforcement technically, payoff provided by the
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