J. Daniel Couger, (Ed.) 29,740 ANNUAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF COMPUTER-0RIENTED BOOKS (9th an'important tool for problem solving and a healthy at t i t ude toward computing. J. A. ROBB, Carbondale, I l l . Moursund, David (Univ. of Oregon, Eugene) 29,887 Ed.) Computin~ Newsletter, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 1975, $4. The n i n t h e d i t i o n of the Annual B i b l i o g r a p h y of comp u t e r - o r i e n t e d books continues the r e p u t a t i o n of previous e d i t i o n s f o r being a v a l u a b l e reference to academicians in the Computer and data processing f i e l d s and to computer users. This reference is useful f o r l o c a t i n g c u r r e n t books to serve as t e x t books in teaching courses in the computer area and f o r reviewing c u r r e n t books t h a t meet p a r t i c u l a r reading i n t e r e s t s . Besides the usual s u b j e c t l i s t ings, c a t e g o r i e s which i n d i c a t e reader audiences a l s o are given, i . e . , "For S t u d e n t s , " "For Managers," "For Laymen. ~' Each c i t a t i o n i d e n t i f i e s the a u t h o r ; t i t l e ; p u b l i s h e r ; date of p u b l i c a t i o n ; t o t a l pages; type of p u b l i c a t i o n as t e x t b o o k , r e f e r e n c e , or handbook; and the s t y l e . The b i b l i o g r a p h y is one of the nine monthly issues of Computing N e w s l e t t e r f o r Schools of Business and may be purchased s e p a r a t e l y by nonsubscribers to the N e w s l e t t e r . The Annual B i b l i o g r a p h y is a necessary resource f o r anyone teaching in the computer f i e l d and would be a useful reference to readers o f c o m p u t e r - r e l a t e d m a t e r i a l s . J. T. GORGONE, Ft. Wayne, Ind. TEACHER CERTIFICATION IN C M U E EDUCATION. O P TR [in Proc. A M 1975 Annual Conf. (Minneapolis, Minn., C Oct. 1975), 74-76. See main entry CR 17, 4 (April 1976), Rev. 29,738..] The abstract states: The instructional usage of compute~ at the secondary school l evel is well established and is growing f a ~ l y rapidly. The a r t i c l e begins with a discussion of current computer a v a i l a b i l i t y and usage in Oregon. After projecting future growth, i t discusses c e r t i f i c a t i o n for the computer non-expert, for the computer teacher, and for the computer instruction specialist. The o~ticle concludes with a discussion of courses and programs of study needed for teacher certification. The paper is designed to serve as a basis for planning and discussion for groups involved in the teacher ce~utification process. Several methods and types of certification of instructional personnel are discussed and a variety of types of courses recommended. The conclusion is, "Certification for teachers in the computer field is desirable and eventually will be implemented. The thinking and planning should be going on now, in order to facilitate the development of appropriate courses and programs of study in the teacher training institutions." J. A. ROBB, Carbondale, Ill. Statz, Joyce; and Miller, Leland (Bowling Green Univ., Ohio) 29,886 CERTIFICATION OF S C N A Y SCHOOL C M U E SCIENCE E O D R O PTR TEACHERS, SOME ISSUES AND VIEWPOINTS. [in Proc. A M 1975 Annual Conf. (Minneapolis, Minn., C Oct. 1975), 71-73. See main entry CR 17, 4 (April 1976), Rev. 29,738.] The abstract states: There are a number of major issues to be considered regarding cer tificat i on of computer science teachers for secondary schools. Three of these issue6 are considered in thi6 paper. Issue I: Is there a need for certification? Issue 2: What c e r t i f i c a t i o n standards are needed? Issue 5: Where do~ computer science f i t into the curriculum? The authors just i f y the need for c e r t i f i c a t i o n by documenting increasing computer usage in secondary schools. They then outline the courses which can comprise a standard for c e r t i f i c a t i o n of secondary school teachers in computer science. Finally, they show the role of computer science teacher in teaching algo~thmic thinhing and computer programming, and in serving as a resource person for teacher6 in any discipline who w~sh to use the computer. Currently, only two states--Minnesota and Wisconsin --offer certification for computer science in high schools. Several others offer a special c e r t i f i c a t e for data processing. A variety of arguments are presented for and references made to the increasing need for computer instruction in high schools. A bibliography also is included. The conclusion is: Kennedy, T. C . S . 29,891 SOME BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE TRAINING OF NAIVE USERS OF AN INTERACTIVE COMPUTER SYSTEM. Internatl. J. Man-Machine Studies 7, 6 (Nov. 1975), 817-834. This paper describes the d ~ i g n considerations underlying the development of a self-contained computer system which is to form the basis of a medical information system at Southend Hospital. A detailed t r i a l has been conducted to examine the problems in training naive computer users in the use of such a system. The t r i a l involved a large sample of cleri c a l and secretar~Z s t a f f and provided 50 hours of observation and measurements of man-machine interaction. Analysis of t e s t result6 has required the development of new measures of performance for recording behavioral variables, conceptualization of the system, and l e v e l of a b i l i t y . I t i s shown that i t is possible, with a self-teaching computer system, to train "computer-naive" cleri c a l s t a f f to a high degree of competence in a very small number of short training sessions. Behavioral patterns are examined with regard to t h e ~ influence on the design of command structures. Abstract From the arguments considered in t hi s paper, i t i s clear th a t computer usage in schools is increasing to the point where computer science teachers are needed. Without trained professionals, students gain a partial, perhaps incorrect, view of computers and t h e i r useR. Students who are exposed to comput e s by teachers who understand computing can gain

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