Privacy Protection,Control of Information, and Privacy-EnhancingTechnologies Herman T. 7hvani PhilosophyDepartment RivierCollege htavani@tivier.edu James H. Moor PhilosophyDepartment DartmonthCollege james.mooi@dartmoudl.edu to determinefor themselveswhen, how and to what extentinformationabout them is communicated to others." [Westin, 1967p. 7] Arthur Millersays, "... the basicattribute of an effectiveright of privacyis the individual'sability to control the circulationof information relatingto him..." [Miller, 1971 p. 25] CharlesFriedstates,"Privacyis not simplyair absenceof informationabout us in the minds ofothas, rather it is the controlwehaveover information about ourselves."[Fried, 1984 p. 209] More recend~ Dag Elgesemsuggests,"In my view,to havepersonalprivacyis to havethe abilityto consentto the dissemination ofpersonal information." [Elgesem,1996 p. 51] We believethis traditionofidentififingthe conceptofprivacywith control is misleading.Control of personal information is extremelyimportant as, of course,ispfivaW.But,theseconceptsare more usefidwhen treatedasseparable, mutuallysupportingconceptsthan as one. A good theoryofpfivacyhas at least three components: an account of the concept ofpriva~ an account of the justificationfor privac~ and an account of the management of privacyThis tripartite structure of the theory of privacy is important to keep in mind because each part of the theory performs a different function. To give an accountofone of the parts isnot to givean accountofthe others. The concept ofprivacyitselfisbestdefinedin termsof restrictedaccess,not control. [Moor, 1990; Moor, 1997] Privacyis fundamentallyabout protectionfrom intrusion and informationgatheringby others. Individualcontrolof personalinformation,
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Privacy protection, control of information, and privacy-enhancing technologies
Tavani, Herman T.; Moor, James H.
Follow ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society
, Volume 31 (1)
Association for Computing Machinery – Mar 1, 2001
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