Pipeline Gating: Speculation Control For Energy Reduction Srilatha Manne University of Colorado Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boulder, CO 80309 srilatha.manne@colorado.edu Artur Klauser, Dirk Grunwald University of Colorado Department of Computer Science Boulder, CO 80309 grunwald,klauser@cs.colorado.edu Abstract Branch prediction has enabled microprocessors to increase instruction level parallelism (ILP) by allowing programs to speculatively execute beyond control boundaries. Although speculative execution is essential for increasing the instructions per cycle ([PC). it does come at a cost. A large amount of unnecessaq work results from wrong-path instructions entering the pipeline due to branch misprediction. Results generated with the SimpleScalar tool set using a 4-way issue pipeline and various branch predictors show an instruction overhead of 16% to 105%for even instruction committed. The instruction overhead will increase in. the future as processors use more aggressive speculation and wider issue widths [9]. In this paper: we present an innovative method for power reduction which, unlike previous work that sacrificed flexibility or performance, reduces power in high-performance microprocessors without impacting performance. In particular; nre introduce a hardware mechanism called pipeline gating to control rampant speculation in the pipeline. Wepresent inexpensive mechanisms for determining when a branch is likely to mispredict. and
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Pipeline gating: speculation control for energy reduction
Manne, Srilatha; Klauser, Artur; Grunwald, Dirk
Follow ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News
, Volume 26 (3)
Association for Computing Machinery – Jun 1, 1998
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