John Karat and Clare-Marie Karat Perspectives on Design and Internationalization It occurred to us recently that though we have addressed a number o f topics in this column by asking for different cultural views on an issue, we have not really given much attention to what most people think of when they think about the topic of internationalization as applied to the design o f computer systems. For most people the issue is one of making a system (generally developed for a particular national audience) acceptable in another country. The first part o f this article is a wander through some of the issues in internationalization, nationalization, and customization of user interfaces. We will begin by making some o f the base terminology clear, because user interface, ease of use, and usability discussions often get easily lost in terminology confusion. We have borrowed and modified some of the ideas and terminology here from Russo and Boor's I N T E R C H I '93 paper ("How fluent is your interface? Designing for international users"). After the article, we present some observations on the first ACM/IFIP/ASD symposium on designing interactive systems in a report provided by Alistair Sutcliff,
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