Open Challenges in Real Time Embedded Systems Lui Sha, CS, UIUC May 3, 2004 lrs@cs.uiuc.edu 1.0 Introduction FAA cancelled the AAS program, casting aside 11 years of development time and, according to GAO, wasting more than $1.5 billion of taxpayer money. 1 F/A-22 problems have limited DOD s ability to upgrade its aging tactical aircraft fleet. If the F/A-22 program had met its original goals, the Air Force could have been replacing older aircraft with F/A-22 aircraft over 7 years ago. Now, however, it will not begin replacing aircraft until late 2005 at the earliest. 2 Serious problems in developing large and complex real time systems are not isolated incidents. Rather, they are now the rule rather than exceptions. These problems are the manifestation of building large systems with a complexity higher than what can be handled by existing technological infrastructure. They are the reflection of under-investment of R&D in this critical area. From 80 s to now, we have witnessed the changing trends in real time mission critical systems. First, the open system movement became established. Real time mission critical systems evolved from vertically integrated systems towards horizontally integrated systems in which multiple vendors supply
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