tt,/') The Appearance of Impropriety t,J ilUllll Joseph S Fulda, CSE, PhD 701 West 177th Street, #21 New York, N Y 10033 USA (212) 927-0662 pearl@csulb, edu !-"' I.I.J ately the moral focus of our society has been diverted from morality to the avoidance of the appearance of im propriety. The aspiration for untainted appearances is very old; what is new is the scope and force with which it is now applied to everyday living. Thus the Bible states, '~And ye shall be pure before God and man," [1] and the Talmud explains the verse as an exhortation to the avoidance of both impropriety (purity before God) and its appearance (purity before man). [2] Yet a Biblical aspiration to total purity cannot be and ought not to be the standard of morality by which secular society judges its members. Cannot: because man will not live by such a rarefied standard, no matter how forcefully it is proclaimed and applied. Indeed, application of such a standard will simply reveal a thoroughly tainted society, not prevent its appearance. Ought not: because given that man is beset by impurity, such a standard frequently achieves the opposite of that which is intended
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