One aspect of code quality is a design (or a set of source code) that contains only things that are relevant to the solution of the problem at hand. There are no redundant or superfluous entities. In a "good" (high quality) design everything has a purpose, and its purpose is clear. Code quality can be improved by eliminating redundant and unnecessary declarations. This paper provides a technique that can help improve code quality. It identifies several anomalies that can exist in source code, provides a means of identifying the anomalies, and suggests methods to eliminate or minimize the impact of the anomalies.
/lp/association-for-computing-machinery/automating-improvements-to-the-quality-of-your-code-D9njDbMqxR